Global regulatory landscape
The regulatory landscape surrounding the production, certification, and trade of biomass continues to rapidly evolve. Varying by region, policies are shaped by distinct priorities — from climate targets and energy security to land use and industrial development.
In Europe , regulation is driven by strong sustainability objectives. The Renewable Energy Directive (RED II) sets rigorous criteria for greenhouse gas (GHG) savings, land use, and traceability. To qualify under
Across Asia , the regulatory landscape is diverse and in transition. • China supports ethanol and biodiesel development through regional E10 blending pilots and domestic production incentives, although national mandates vary. • India is accelerating its bioenergy ambitions through the National Bio-Energy Policy, focusing on ethanol blending, biomass power generation, and the use of agricultural residues. • Other countries in the region — including Indonesia, Thailand, and Vietnam — are adopting elements of international certification systems (e.g., ISCC, RSB, FSC) to align with export market expectations and improve sustainability standards. As these frameworks continue to evolve, navigating regional requirements can be complex. That’s why we support clients with local expertise and global insight — helping you meet compliance obligations wherever your biomass operations are located.
RED II, biofuels must demonstrate verified greenhouse gas (GHG) reductions and avoid deforestation or degradation of carbon-rich
ecosystems. Only biofuels certified under approved sustainability schemes are eligible for compliance. In the United States , regulation centres around energy diversification and domestic production. The Renewable Fuel Standard (RFS), managed by the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), mandates the blending of renewable fuels into the national transportation fuel supply. Compliance is tracked using Renewable Identification Numbers (RINs) — tradable credits that link specific volumes of renewable fuel to obligated parties. The system differentiates between conventional and advanced biofuels, including cellulosic ethanol and biomass-based diesel, incentivising innovation and feedstock diversification.
Confused about your local regulations? Contact our teams for guidance: agriculture@sgs.com
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