Volatile and non-volatile chemical compositions, in-vitro antioxidant and antidiabetic activities of Leptoderris micrantha Dunn Sunmisola Balogun, Akintayo Ogundajo, Feyisayomi Gbolagade, Moses Owolabi Lagos State University, Nigeria Leptoderris micrantha Dunn is a medicinal plant commonly found in tropical West Africa. The current study evaluates the chemical constituents , in-vitro antioxidant and antidiabetic activities of the methanol extract, and essential oil composition of Leptoderris micrantha . Methanol crude extract was obtained using cold extraction method while the essential oil was extracted using hydrodistillation method. The phytochemical investigation and in-vitro antioxidant assay were carried out using standard procedures. The antidiabetic potential was assessed by evaluating the inhibitory effects of the methanol extract on the activities of α‑amylase and α‑glucosidase while constituents of the essential oil were characterized using Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry analysis (GC-MS). The cold extraction yielded 36.08 g of methanol extract. The result of the phytochemical screening revealed the presence of phenols, flavonoids, tannin, terpenoids, steroids, reducing sugar, alkaloid, and saponins. Methanol extract revealed higher phenolic (40.83 mg/ 100 g), flavonoid (60.68 mg/ 100 g), and alkaloid (31.29 mg/ 100 g) contents. Methanol extract also exhibited high scavenging activity against 1,1 diphenyl-2-picrylhydradizine (DPPH) at half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC 50 ) of 43.61 mg/ mL and Nitric oxide at IC 50 of 48.94 mg/mL. Methanol extract displayed significant inhibition (p<0.05) against α-amylase (IC 50 :34.02 mg/mL) and α-glucosidase (IC 50 :47.56 mg/mL). The GC-MS of the essential oil from Leptoderris micrantha revealed the presence of 60 chemical constituents which include phytol (74.83%), caryophyllene oxide (55.45%), alpha-santalene (45.46%), phytone (69.59%) and Neryl acetone (47.21%) as major compositions. Some of these major compositions have been reported to exhibit antioxidant and antidiabetic activities. L.micrantha leaves contain active phytochemicals with therapeutic potential in the management of diabetes and oxidative stress-related ailments. References 1. Sofowora, A. (1993). Screening plants for bioactive agents. Medicinal plants and traditional medicinal in Africa (2nd ed.). Spectrum books Ltd, 134-156, sunshine house, Ibadan, Nigeria. 2. Verma VP, Kumar SH, Rani KV, Sehgal N, Prakash O. Compound profiling in methanol extract of Kalanchoe blossfeldiana (Flaming katy) leaves through GC‑MS analysis and evaluation of its bioactive properties. Glob J Adv Biol Sci 2015;1:38‑49.
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