A novel electrochemical paper strip for detection of tramadol in real samples Salamatu Hayatu 1,2 , Abdulrahman A Audu 2 , Magaji Ladan 2 1 Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Kaduna State University, Nigeria, 2 Department of Pure and Industrial Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Bayero University, Nigeria A novel electrochemical paper strip was fabricated by screen printing silver ink on a gold card. The gold card was subsequently modified with gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) and gold nitrogen doped graphene (Au-NG). When compared to its commercial counterpart, the electrochemical strip demonstrates superior sensitivity for the voltametric determination of tramadol. Tramadol was studied in acetate buffer pH 8 at a concentration of 40µM to 400µM for AuNPs modified strip and 10µM to 100µM for Au-NG modified strip, which gave a linear range with R 2 =0.9018 and 0.9916 respectively. The electrochemical strip was stable with no significant interference in the presence of foreign ions and tramadol was successfully detected in human urine samples. References 1. Diouf, A., Aghoutane, Y., Burhan, H., Sen, F., Bouchikhi, B., & El, N. (2021). Tramadol sensing in non-invasive biological fluids using a voltammetric electronic tongue and an electrochemical sensor based on biomimetic recognition. International Journal of Pharmaceutics, 593(November 2020), 120114. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpharm.2020.120114. 2. De Araujo, W. R., &Paixão, W. R. (2014). Fabrication of disposable electrochemical devices using silver ink and office paper. Analyst , 139 (11), 2742–2747. https://doi.org/10.1039/c4an00097h. 3. Mohseni, N., Bahram, M., & Baheri, T. (2017). Chemical nose for discrimination of opioids based on unmodified gold nanoparticles. Sensors and Actuators, B: Chemical, 250, 509–517. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.snb.2017.04.145.
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