Physicochemical and metals characterisation: impact assessment of Badagry creek on groundwater quality in Ojo community, Lagos State Senami Anko, Oluwafunmilola, Dr. Abdulrafiu, Majolagbe Olayiwola, Dr. Onwordi, Chionyedua Theresa, Adejare, Adeniyi Ayemu Department of Chemistry, Lagos State University, Nigeria Groundwater is a major source of water supply with comparative advantages including convenient availability of water close to where it is required, and near excellent natural quality 1,2. However, groundwater quality is often compromised by various threats, both of natural and anthropogenic origins, including intrusion from big water bodies like Seas 3,4 . The aim of this study is to assess the possible impacts of Badagry creek on groundwater quality in Ojo community, Lagos. Fifteen (15) groundwater samples were collected from different hand-dug wells during both dry and wet seasons for physicochemical and trace metal analyses using standard procedures 5 . The physicochemical parameters analyzed included pH, electrical conductivity (EC), total dissolved solids (TDS), anions (NO3-, PO43-, Cl-), and trace metals (Fe, Zn, Ca, Mg, Cu, Na, Pb, and K). Principal Component Analysis (PCA), Correlation Co-efficient, and Cluster Analysis were applied. The concentration of EC, TDS, and NO3-, were observed to be higher above World Health Organization (WHO) permissible limits, with exceedance values of 0.94, 0.81, and 2.92 % respectively. Very strong correlation coefficient was observed between EC and TDS, Cl-, and NO3-. Four principal components were extracted, and hierarchical dendrogram showed four (4) distinct clusters of wells. Iron and Lead had mean concentrations above the WHO allowable limits which portends health risk. The quality of the groundwater investigated is questionable, especially with respect to high concentrations of NO3-, pointing at influence from the Badagry Creek. Hence, there is need for regular monitoring, to ensure safety of man and sustainable environments. References 1. Akoteyon, I S, and Soladoye, O. (2011). Groundwater Quality Assessment in Eti-Osa, Lagos-Nigeria using Multivariate Analysis. Journal of Applied Science Environmental Management. 15 (1) 121 – 125. 2. Carrard, N., Foster, T., and Willetts J. (2019). Groundwater as a Source of Drinking Water in Southeast Asia and the Pacific: A Multi-Country Review of Current Reliance and Resource Concerns. Water. 2019; 11(8):1605. 3. Barlow, P.M. (2003). "Ground Water in Freshwater - Saltwater Environments of the Atlantic Coast". USGS. Retrieved 2022- 03-14. 4. Chandrashekha, B., Mukul, P., Pranab, K.M., and Manish K. (2021). Imprints of seawater intrusion on groundwater quality and evolution in the coastal districts of south Gujarat, India. 3 (2021). 5. APHA / AWWA / WPCF. 2022. Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater. 24th ed. Washington, D.C.
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