Kinetics, thermodynamic and isotherms modeling of the equilibrium sorption of Pb2+,Ni2+ and Cd2+ into tiger nut chaff (cyperus esculentus) from model wastewater Adeseye Elesho, Rasaq Olowu, M.O. Osundiya, O. Onifade Lagos State University, Ojo, Nigeria Heavy metals have harmful effects on human health, and exposure to these metals has increased by industrial and anthropogenic activities and modern industrialization. The kinetics, isotherms, and thermodynamics of adsorption were investigated to establish the mechanisms of adsorption of tiger nut chaff as an alternative agricultural waste adsorbent in wastewater treatment applications. The sorption characteristics of the adsorbent was investigated under various experimental conditions, such as pH, contact time, initial concentration dose of Pb 2+ , Ni 2+ and Cd 2+ and sorbent mass. The thermodynamic studies showed that the adsorption process was feasible, exothermic and proceeded spontaneously, demonstrating that Tigernut (TN) chaff can be used as a sustainable alternative for the effective removal of Pb 2+ , Ni 2+ and Cd 2+ from model wastewater. Morphological characterization of the adsorbent before and after was carried out with the aid of a Scan Electron Microscopy (SEM) which revealed the adsorption of heavy metals on absorbent (Tiger nut chaff). The FT-IR analysis revealed that likely functional groups responsible for the adsorption are C=O, CO, NH and OH respectively. Adsorption of metal ion were pH dependent and the results indicate that the optimum pH for the removal of Pb 2+ , Ni 2+ and Cd 2+ was found to be 6.68 and the maximum percentage removal of Pb 2+ , Ni 2+ and Cd 2+ at this pH were 59.80%, 70.75% and 78.48% respectively. Langmuir, Freundlich and Temkin adsorption Isotherm Models were used to simulate the equilibrium date. The experimental data were best fitted to Langmuir Isotherm model when compared with Freundlich and Temkin Isotherm model with the highest R 2 values of 0.97, 0.99 and 0.99 for Pb 2+ , Ni 2+ and Cd 2+ respectively. The obtained results confirmed that the adsorption of lead, nickel and cadmium were in good conformity with pseudo-second order reaction kinetic signifying that the adsorption is apparently chemisorption and negative values of ∆G° was obtained which suggest that the sorption process was spontaneous and feasible demonstrating that the biomass of tiger nut (TN) is a promising cost-effective bio sorbent for heavy metal removal from the environment. References 1. R A Olowu, M A,Osundiya, T. S Oyewole, Onwordi C. T, Yusuf O K. Osifeko O. L Tovide O O(2022) Equilibrium and Kinetic Studies for the Removal of Zn(Ii) and Cr(Vi) Ions from Aqueous Solution Using Pineapple Peels as an Adsorbent. European Journal of Applied Sciences 10 (5) 34-47 2. Sanusi KA, Santuraki AH Abdus Salam N and Akpan SE (2019). Application of Tigernuts (Cyperus Esculentus) as Biosorbent for Cr6+ in Aqueous Solution. International Journal of Environmental Science National Reserve 17 ( 3) – 109-113 3. Osundiya O. Medinat, Olowu. A. Rasaq A, Alegbe. J. Monday, Jimoh. A. Abayomi, Olawoye O.Christaiana. Jesuyon Emmanuel, (2019), “Bioaccumulation of heavy metal in parts of the silver catfish (chrysichthys nigrodigitatus) harvested from Badagry creek and fish ponds in Badagry, Lagos, Nigeria, American Journal of Chemistry 9 (3) 95-102 4. Ogwuegbu, Duruibe. MOC, Ogwuegbu. Egwurugwu, J.N. (2007). Heavy metal pollution and human bio toxic effects. International Journal of physical sciences. 2 (5), 112-118.
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