tragedy in the history of the Valparaíso Fire Department. A couple of years later, construction began on the current building, in which only the fire truck gates were retained as part of the new project.
the hills. The double slope of its roofs interacts with the natural slope of Ecuador Avenue. Furthermore, the facade of its first commercial level is slightly set back from that of the second level, which houses the guest rooms, creating the impression of one volume floating above another.
5 R Valparaíso Industrial School Architect: José Aracena Municipal Permit Year: 1956
8 R Ministro Ignacio Zenteno Housing Comple Architect: Oscar Zacarelli Municipal Permit Year: 1961
Its presence is striking given its length along Avenida España, right on the municipal border with Viña del Mar, where the other part of the building is located. Its construction was sponsored by Sociedad Constructora de Establecimientos Educacionales. The building houses classrooms, laboratories, and workshops, as well as an exhibition area.
This project is located on the eastern slope of the Valparaíso hills, spe- cifically at the foothills of Lecheros. It was initiated as part of the Housing Corporation's (CORVI) policies. It is a set of 15 “Y”-shaped blocks arranged in a hexagonal grid 13 , whose layout adapts to the terrain through a series of terraces. Each terrace provides a vantage point for one of the buildings and the public terraces, ensuring that every residential unit and communal space has a view of the bay. Stairways and balconies are integrated into the spaces between the blocks, allowing the neighborhood to flow into the city's layout. This pre- serves the organic flow of neighborhood circulation, typical of Valparaíso. 9 R Arturo Prat Naval Academy Architects: Mario Pérez de Arce + Hugo Errázuriz + Jaime Besa + Germán Brandes + Hugo Gaggero + Arturo Urzúa + Fernando Castillo Velasco +
6 R Universidad de Chile Law School—Valparaíso Campus (Now Universidad de Valparaíso)
Architect: Enrique Marchetti Municipal Permit Year: 1956
This project is located on the coastal side of the El Almendral neigh- borhood. Specifically, it occupies an entire city block between Blanco Street, Freire Street, and Errázuriz Avenue, taking the form of a cruise ship that has run aground off the coast. The site in question was highly prized. In fact, the Popular Housing Fund requested its expropriation in 1945 to develop a housing project there 10 . Echoing the design of the Santiago campus’s law school, the building in Valparaíso features a triple-height entrance hall framed by columns 11 , creating an intermediate space that connects the interior lobby with the Valparaíso Bay. Its exterior and interior facades are characterized by Venetian mo- saic cladding, which highlights their straight and curved lines. These mosaics were also used in murals located in the common areas where lawyers, academics, and students gather. Camilo Mori was one of the artists involved in depicting scenes of Buenos Aires and the history of law on some of its walls. Originally, the building housed facilities different from those typically found in a university today. In addition to lecture halls and offices, it included a gym, a bar, a dormitory, a swimming pool, and a residence for the school director 12 . In general, the project is organized around spaces for academic in- teraction outside the classrooms—not unlike what lawyers experience outside the courtrooms. These are spaces for conversation, both indoors and outdoors. The building features two outdoor courtyards, located on the west side of the block. Additionally, there is a terrace on the fourth floor that offers sweeping views, allowing one to feel surrounded by the hills and Valparaíso Bay. 7 R Condell Hotel Architects: Jaime Larraín + Osvaldo Larraín + Jaime Kulczewski Municipal Permit Year: 1959 The building is situated at the base of the hill, flanking one side of Plazuela Ecuador, where the Ecuador and Yerbas Buenas ravines converge. The structure occupies an entire block, which also borders Pasaje Pirámide and Condell and Bellavista streets. Its location offers exceptional visibility within the urban landscape, situated at the heart of an area that connects traffic flows to and from 10 Housing Fund. (April 25, 1945). Minutes of Agreements. (vol 4). Agreement n°4061 11 Valparaíso Council of Rectors (2023). Reinterpreting Heritage and Preserving Founding Buildings 1928-1971. https://consejoderectoresvalparaiso.cl/publicaciones-2/ otras-publicaciones/libro-resignificacion-patrimonial-y-salvaguarda-de-edificios- fundacionales-1928-1971/ 12 Valparaíso Council of Rectors (2023). Reinterpreting Heritage and Preserving Founding Buildings 1928-1971. https://consejoderectoresvalparaiso.cl/publicaciones-2/ otras-publicaciones/libro-resignificacion-patrimonial-y-salvaguarda-de-edificios- fundacionales-1928-1971/
Sergio Larraín + Ismael Echeverría + Hernán Labarca Preliminary Design Competition Year: 1957-1960
13 Mondragon, H. (2020). Atlas of the Ordinary. Brazil-Chile. Drawings and Photographs of Modern Architecture. UC. 200-203 14 Auca Magazine. (1968), Valparaíso, (n°11), p.51-56 15 Molina, C. (2004). Architecture Competitions in Chile. National Council for Culture and Arts. p. 107-113 16 Rodriguez, L. (1996). Mario Pérez de Arce Lavin. The Endurance of Modern Architecture in Chile. ARQ Clean, white lines of blocks of varying heights, arranged around a large courtyard, where the wind takes center stage as it sweeps through, offering a view of the city, the port, and Valparaíso Bay 16 . The primary idea was to delve into the life of a cadet. The courtyard serves as the ceremonial center for student activities. The distant view stretches from Viña del Mar to Quintero along the northern coast, and from Cerro El Mauco to Mount Aconcagua to the east. The outdoor walkways are spaces that invite one to experience the year-round breezy environment. Of the 31 proposals submitted, 4 were selected in the first round. These finalists were required to resubmit their work in a more developed format, incorporating the feedback provided during that round 15 . The jury awarded first place to architects Mario Pérez de Arce and Hugo Errázuriz. However, for institutional reasons, eight additional architects were brought on board to develop the final project. Playa Ancha is a very unique area of the city of Valparaíso, as it is a hill with large stretches of flat land, offering living conditions comparable to those found in the city center. Geographically speaking, Playa Ancha shelters Valparaíso Bay, pro- tecting the port from strong winds coming from the southwest. These continuous gales have eroded the coastline for thousands of years, creating large cliffs to the south of the hill. This is the setting the Chilean Navy chose for the construction of its new main academy in the mid-20th century, abandoning its old building, which was not far from there, on Cerro Artillería. The project originated from an architectural preliminary design com- petition held in the mid-1950s, which took place in two stages. Given the project’s significant importance, the competition brought together some of the most influential architects of the Chilean modernist movement. The project was designed to accommodate 800 cadets, with the facility divided into areas for instruction, housing, dining, sports, and adminis- tration, in addition to a main auditorium and a chapel 14 .
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