ENVIRONMENTAL
INTRODUCTION
SUSTAINABILITY OBJECTIVES AND STRATEGY
CORPORATE CITIZENSHIP
GOVERNANCE AND TRANSPARENT REPORTING
APPENDICES
CASE STUDY: EMPIRE STATE BUILDING
Building System Aected heating cooling ventilation
EXAMINE CURRENT CONDITIONS To establish a baseline scenario, the project team evaluated the existing operational conditions and systems of the Empire State Building in 2007 for Version 1.0 and in 2020 for Version 2.0. This comprehensive review included a holistic review of all of the building’s systems and operations including building management system, HVAC systems, electric and steam systems and loads, tenant typology and utility usage, hot water systems, and envelope. For precise evaluation and a calibrated energy model within 1% accuracy, the team analyzed the building’s utility data to dissect energy consumption, utility expenses, and different fuel types, including natural gas, steam, and electricity. DESIGN RESOURCE EFFICIENT SOLUTIONS Version 1.0 established the process of a holistic integrated approach to achieve deep energy retrofits with consideration of all building systems, envelope, and tenant spaces. The team ultimately implemented eight major projects, which was guaranteed to deliver a minimum 38% energy reduction and a 3.1 year payback. We have met and exceeded the 1.0 energy reduction and payback projects and this feeds into our current 2.0 work. Version 2.0 focused on the next phase to achieve deeper energy reductions with the technological advancements and life cycle changes a decade later. The 2.0 team developed over 200 energy conservation measures (ECMs) and refined them to 60 focused on high performance controls, advanced HVAC systems engineering, partial beneficial electrification, and master systems integration for advanced performance optimization. The energy and financial models analyzed the ECMs individually and in integrated packages to confirm the associated energy, emissions, and cost savings. The team chose the CO 2 Mid package out of five package options, which projects a 64.8% reduction in energy and an 81.6% emissions reduction from the 2007 baseline year. Projects underway or completed as part of 2.0 work include advanced controls upgrades, advanced building optimization analytics and automation, heat pump systems to reduce both steam and electric consumption, heat exchangers to optimize energy usage across all building zones, and energy recovery ventilators to deliver fresh air and greater efficiency. MEASURES IMPLEMENTED
HIGH ZONE
Zonal AHU
Zonal Electric Chillers Unitary HPWH
Chilled Water Loop
Condenser Water Loop
MID-ZONE
Steam Radiators
Zonal AHU
Heat Exchangers
Low Temp Hot Water
LOW ZONE
Zonal AHU
2-Pipe Steam System
Cooling Towers
Lobby: Waterside Heat Recovery
Air Source Heat Pump
District Steam
Steam Station
Retail Tenants Control Water Temp for WSHP heating
2022
2023
2024
Building System Aected heating cooling ventilation
Central Cooling Plant Optimization 1st Floor Lobby Reheat via Waterside Heat Recovery
Steam Phase-Out Enabling Step: Hydronic Riser and Air Source Heat Pump Steam System Optimization and Improvements
Energy Recovery Ventilator (ERV) Pilots Airsource Domestic Hot Water Heater Pilots Airside Sequence of Operations
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2024 SUSTAINABILITY REPORT
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