Student Research Symposium Program Spring 2024

View all the presentation information for the Spring 2024 Student Research Symposium.

STUDENT RESEARCH SYMPOSIUM APRIL 29, 2024 MALCOLM CENTER FOR STUDENT LIFE

Symposium Registration Lobby, Malcolm Center for Student Life 8:00 A.M. - 3:00 P.M.

Welcome and Opening Remarks Bacon Conference Room B 8:45 A.M. Dr. Joe Alsobrook, Interim Vice President of Academic Affairs

Poster & Visual Art Session Set up 11:00 A.M. - 12:00 P.M. Staffed 12:00-2:00 P.M. Malcolm Center Gymnasium

Presentations Malcolm Center: Bacon Conference Rooms A (North) and B (South) and Multipurpose Room (Ground Level) Ferguson Center: Formal Lounge (second floor) 9:00 A.M. - 4:00 P.M.

9:00 A.M. Session 1: Disability and Inclusion at Missouri Valley College (Bacon A) Rubal Pradhan,* Allexis Lark, & Colton Campbell , “Disability Availability in Common Areas in MVC” Paula Romero, Chané Higgo, & Miriam Gubo ,“Assessing Disability and Inclusion on the MVC Campus: Academic Buildings” Keylaney Gutierrez, Xhuliano Marku, & Tisha Solopa ,“Disability and Inclusion: Examining the Environment and Physical Impediments of MVC Housing Facilities” Judges: Chamara Jayasundera, Abigail Dunn, Haley Innes Session 2: Social Justice, Memory, and Impacts (Bacon B) Andre Ireland, “Factors Related to Perception of Criminals” Alexandrea Sutter, “The Use of Archives in Memoir: Danielle Geller’s Dog Flowers ” Douglas Brown, “Social Justice Disparities and the Impact on Law Enforcement” Sydnei Cummings, * “Police Brutality and its Effect on the Black Communities’ Mental Health” Judges: Rachel Ewing, Mariona Balao Manen, Pam Riggs Session 3: Weights, Measures, and Impacts (Multipurpose Room) DeRel Morris, “Who Are You Truly? Act II” Julius Kruger, “Could the ‘Mighty’ GDP Actually be Overrated?” Rina Kinami & Kazuki Hashimoto, “Internship Experience at Athletic Department” Karintzin Patron-Arreola, * “The Economic Impact of Taylor Swift” Judges: James Menz, Joana Marucci Compte, Glenda Gallardo-Menendez

9:00 - 11:00 A.M. Special Session: Patrol Procedures Class Presents: Standardized Field Sobriety Tests (SFSTs) (Malcolm Gym) SFSTs are a battery of tests used by police to determine whether a subject is impaired by alcohol or drugs. The tests allow an officer to develop a case for Driving While Intoxicated (DWI). Anyone attending the symposium is invited to observe the scenarios in the Malcolm Gym on the south side or, weather permitting, scenarios may be held outside on the northeast side of Malcolm. The scenarios begin at 09:00 a.m. and will be repeated every 20 minutes with different students participating each time. Student Presenters: Cris E. Aguilar, Javier Alvarez Toribio, Lainey C. Ferrell, Avery R. Gifford, Petelo F. Ioane, Carlie M. Lamparter, Morgan Newmyer, Gabriel A. Pineda, Mariona Puntes Carbonell, Brianna M. Vela, Caitlyn A. Vela 10:00 A.M. Session 4: Bodies (Bacon A) Raul Hinojosa Mesa, “Patellar Tendinopathy Injury” Nayeli Benavides, “Breastfeeding Satisfaction” Dawson Woehr, “Ethical Concerns of Somatic Cell Nuclear Transfer” Willow Barnes, * “Population Demography of Snapping Turtles (Chelydridae) in Mid-Missouri Ponds” Judges: Jo-Elle Natividad, Samantha Perkins, Kevin Gasser

Session 5: Families & Systems (Bacon B) Corey Blue Morobito, “Story About My Life” Caitlyn McCorkle, “Breastfeeding Success”

Henerick Stenersen, “ADHD: An Undiagnosed Upbringing” Lynsey Day, * “ The Relationship Between Family Structure and Substance Use” Judges: Pam Riggs, Sha Wilson, Gary Heisserer Session 6: Numbers & Populations (Multipurpose Room) Angelique Morgan, “Population Ecology of Turtles Inhabiting Mid-Missouri Farm Ponds” Mario Diez, “Prime Numbers” Yago Merino, “Population Demography of Pond Turtles (Emydidae) in Mid-Missouri Farm Ponds” Abby Hebert, * “Benefits of Early Exposure to Disabilities” Judges: Peggy Sherman, Roberta Griffitt, Jashawna Terry

11:00 A.M. Session 7: Violence (Bacon A) Destyne Duncan, “Improving Care for Uninsured Pediatric Clients and Families” Kenneth Hartline and Alexis Duenas, “The Chemistry Behind Fentanyl” Doryan Cole, “Perceptions of Meagerness: How Violence and Lack Affect Personal Infrastructure in Kiese Laymon’s Heavy” Lucinda Lombaard, * “The Use of Social Media by Medical Professionals: How Should Social Media Be Ethically Approached and Ensure Professionalism is Maintained” Judges: Jashawna Terry, Dajah Robinson, Debbie Olson Session 8: Applied Teaching and Learning (Bacon B) Veronica Sims, “Purewick and Its Benefits: An Educational Module” Maria Rubio, “Abstract Algebra” Morgan Osborn, “An Educational Model on the Prevention of Ventilator Associated Pneumonia” Leticia Seabra,* Ines Rocha, Tyra McKenzie, “The Athletic Department Behind the Scenes” Judges: Christina Wilson, Chris Libby, Rubal Pradhan Session 9: Purple Patch Reading: 2024 Editor’s Choice Awards (Multipurpose Room) Alexandrea Sutter, Editor’s Choice Award for Fiction: “Gone Rogue” Joana Marucci Compte, Editor’s Choice Award for Poetry: “Often” Juliana Blackburn, Editor’s Choice Award for Artwork: “Arrawana,” ink DeRel Morris, Editor’s Choice Award for Creative Nonfiction: “Anatomy Lessons” Hannah Brown, Editor’s Choice Award for Academic Prose: “Causes of Increased Wildfires in Western States and Implementation of Prevention Steps” Mariona Bolao Manén, * Editor in Chief of the Purple Patch 12:00 P.M. Session 10: Graduate Student Research (Bacon A) Mackenzie Murphree, “‘I Don’t Know How I Got Here’” Judges: Bathsheba Love, Abigail Dunn, Gary Heisserer

Poster Session 12:00 - 2:00 P.M. | Malcolm Gym 1. Mackenzie Aguiar, “Does Growing Up In An Unstable Environment Make Kids More Aggressive?” 2. Alyssa Hardwick, “Classroom Assessment” 3. Mystyque Anderson, “Current Issues in Criminal Justice” 4. Rubén Baquero Martínez, “Exploring the Diversity and Functionality in Computer Science” 5. Raphael Battini, “Sleep and Academic Performance” 6. Sage Beltran & Jacob Flores, “Bipolar Disorder: Symptoms, Effects, Diagnosis, and Treatment” 7. Corey Blue Morabito, “Powerlifting” 8. Jordan Brocamonte, “Human Trafficking and the Effects on Victims” 9. Kilee Bradley-Robinson, “The Effect of Parenting Styles on College Students Academic Success and Mental Well-Being” 10. Rayna Bray, “Trauma, and What They Aren’t Telling You” Judges: Tamika Drake, Tonya Eddy, Alex Lorenzo 11. Jayden Buglovsky & Kiara Adams, “All About Down Syndrome” 12. Conal Burnett, “The Impact of Coach Relationship on Athlete Motivation” 13. Kevin Castillo, “Understanding and Decoding Dysgraphia in the Classroom” 14. Chandler Christiansen, “Drug Policies and Its Impact on Crime Rates” 15. Doryan Cole, “Listening for Clues: Correlational Study on Mental Health and Musical Experiences” 16. Claudia Cruz & Maty Lincoln, “Fraud Scheme - Bernie Madoff” 17. Jada Dangerfield, “Socioeconomic Status & Supplementary Education In Relation to Educational Outcomes” 18. Lynsey Day, “Dispositional versus Situational Attribution Theory within Youth Correction Facilities” 19. Kara DuPont & Isabell Wallace, “Tired of Traditional Testing? Alternative Forms of Assessment in Elementary Grades” Judges: Chris Libby, Joana Marucci Compte, Gabi Morales

20. Elise Falcetti, “The Power of Social Influence on Hyper-Consumerism” 21. Lukas Garza, “What is Dyslexia?” 22. Ryan Greenwood, “The Evolution of Society’s Relationship with Drugs” 23. Jesus Gutierrez, “The Relationship Between Self Esteem, Social Anxiety, and Academic Performance Among College Students” 24. Rich Hart, “I Need My ESA” 25. Rodrecus Holmes, “Track and Field” 26. Petelo Ione, “Mental Health Of College Student Athletes” 27. Daniel Isernhagen, “The Use of Cellphones and How it Affects Athletic and Academic Performance in a College Environment” 28. Josue Flores, Nick Tsoulfanidis, & Caleb Benshoof, “Enron Scandal” 29. Chane Higgo, “Formula 1 Brandalism” Judges: Erich Mueller, Lisa Rice, Dajah Robinson 30. Darren Lampley, “Traumatic Brain Injuries” 31. Emily Lechuga & Sarah Arnett, “Cerebral Palsy’s Effect on Education” 32. Gabriela Lopez, “Advancements in Birth Control- Exploring Innovations, Challenges, and Future Directions” 33. Alex Machetta, “Advancements in Birth Control- Exploring Innovations, Challenges, and Future Directions” 34. Callum Marsh, “The Relationship Between Student- Athlete Experiences and Academic Performance” 35. Josiah Matamua, “Adolescents Who Engage in Video Games That Affect Their Health” 36. Tyra McKenzie, “The Messages Taught Through Human Services” 37. Nicholas Miles & Shumpei Kaneko, “Fraud Scheme - Sunbeam Scandal” 38. Noel Nunn-Faron, “Unveiling the Silent Struggle: Exploring Anxiety and Depression in Exceptional Learners” 39. Jeanie Palsis, “Student Debt Affecting College Students Academic Performance and Mental Health” 40. Autumn Perez, “Aggression in Children with an Addicted Parent” Judges: Christina Wilson, Jashawna Terry, Camden Phillips 41. Sawyer Reidt & Kaden Cowling, “The Challenges of Having Autism in School” 42. Jericka Renner, “After the Storm” 43. Maria Rubio, “Why Do Women Enjoy True Crime Shows?”

44. Maria Slaughter, “Articulation Disorder vs Language Disorder” 45. Drake Tipton, “Measuring the Impact of Social Media on Young People’s Mental Health” 46. Aisea Toetuu, “How Domestic Violence Could Lead to Suicide” 47. Tyler Grandidier, “How Does Genetics Play a Role in Criminal Behavior?” 48. Yoni Van Cleemput, “The Effect of Music on College Students’ Classroom Performance” 49. Brianna Vela, “Integration of Religion Courses in Prison Systems to Help Increase the Rate of Rehabilitation and Integration Back into Society” 50. Caitlyn Vela, “How Prison Systems in Norway Compare to Prison Systems in the United States to Reduce Recidivism Rates” 51. Abagail Walters & Kyleigh Browning, “Deafness/Hard of Hearing” Judges: Samantha Perkins, Jim Menz, Joelle Natividad

ART SHOWCASE 12:00 - 2:00 P.M. | Malcolm Gym

Olivia Bettencourt Charcoal on Paper Graphite on Paper Juliana Blackburn

Chane Higgo Oil on Canvas Carla Medina Gonzalez Oil on Canvas Jericka Renner Oil on Canvas Shane Rodriguez Graphite on Paper Charcoal on Paper Silvan Stilzebach Charcoal on Paper Momoko Yokoyama Oil on Canvas

Pen on Paper Luke Clayton

Charcoal on Paper Charcoal on Paper Somer Cedeno Graphite on Paper Sophie Cott Digital Artwork Pen and Graphite on Paper Charcoal on Paper

1:00 P.M. Session 11: Threats & Dangers (Bacon A) Kimberly Browne, “Postpartum Depression” DeRel Morris, “Violence and Intersectionality in All Boys Aren’t Blue and Heavy” Reyven MacDonald, “Anxiety, Stress, and Wellness in Nursing Students” Sha Wilson, * “Shots Fired: The Bulletproof Influence of NRA Lobbying on American Politics” Judges: Debbie Olson, Rubal Pradhan, Peggy Sherman Session 12: Education in Action (Bacon B) Jacob Bean, “Echolalia: The Effect on Speech Development in People with Autism” Ona Bartolome Areny and Kylie Linson, “Integrating Classroom Management with Effective Assessment Practices” Valentin Laser, * “Supplemental Instruction - An Innovative Way to Encourage Student Excellence” Judges: Lisa Rice, Rachel Ewing, Chamara Jayasundera Session 13: Technologies Old and New (Multipurpose Room) Lucinda Lombaard and Sarah MacDonald, “Assessing CGT Gene Expression in Transgenic Plants via Hygromycin Growth Assay” Bryson Anderson, “Novel Synthetic Strategies to Cannabidiol” Alli Ferrari, “Hirudotherapy” Alejandro Fernandez, * “Mathematics in Everyday Life” Judges: Bathsheba Love, Elsie Heimericks, Tonya Eddy 2:00 P.M. Session 14: Evaluation, Assessment, and Humanity: People Count (Bacon A) Natalie Garcia, “Policy Revision for Nurse-Patient Ratio” Tyler Polley, “Water Quality Assessment Using Community Composition of Darters and Benthic Macroinvertebrates” Margaret Meyer, * “Assessment in Special Education” Judges: Haley Innes, Gabi Morales, Camden Phillips Session 15: Connections and Patterns (Bacon B) Shelby Holliday, “Volunteer Program Project Proposal” Natasha Louw, “Progression of Time Series Forecasting” Tom Pelzer, “How to Make Valuable Connections in the Business World” Joana Marucci Compte, * “Enhancing Cultural Sensitivity in Nursing Staff” Judges: Bathsheba Love, Mariona Bolao Manen, Gary Heisserer

Session 16: Numbers and Counting (Multipurpose Room) Wyatt Grunwald, “Darter (Percidae) Community Composition in The Salt Fork Creek, Saline County, Missouri” Rachel Mapes, “Missouri Education Evaluation Assessment (MEES)” William Perkins, “Waterfowl Hunter Demographics and Their Effects on Identification Skills at Grand Pass Conservation Area” Dawson Woehr, * “Comparison of Community Composition of Fishes in the Salt Fork Creek Between 2018 and 2024” Judges: Abigail Dunn, Erich Mueller, Adrianne Fuller-St. John Session 17: Learning & Changing (Ferguson Formal Lounge) Cordell Owen, “Nursing and Burnout” Paula Romero, “Public Health Investment vs. COVID-19 Mortality: A Comparative Analysis” Emily Dolberry, * “ADHD Awareness: Shifting Paradigms, Changing Lives” Judges: Rachel Russell, Lee Jones, Samantha Perkins 3:00 P.M. Session 18: Places and Spaces: Getting Outside (Multipurpose Room) Estefano Del Aguila Delgado, “From Novice to Nature’s Glimpses: A Photographer’s Tale” Jyoti Chhetri, “Nepal” John Hoffman, Randy Wright III, and Javonte Rosser, “Valley Sports” Keylaney Gutierrez and Kloee Mills, * “Chemical Structure Composition Reactions of Sunscreen” Judges: Bathsheba Love, Alex Lorenzo, Kevin Gasser Session 19: Faculty Research (Ferguson Formal Lounge) Jen Livengood, Elizabeth Foose, & Elise Falcetti, “Why You Should Quit Social Media and Go All-In on Real Life:

Findings from a TEDx Research Group” Michael Kateman, “Voices of Arrow Rock” James Menz, * “Rotator Cuff Impingement”

Awards Reception Bacon Room, Malcolm Center for Student Life 4:00 - 5:00 P.M. Closing Remarks & Presentation of Awards 4:30 P.M. - Dr. Joseph Parisi, Missouri Valley College President Excellence in Student Research Awards Best Poster Best Creative Work Best Presentation Best Graduate Capstone Spring 2024 Student Research Symposium People’s Choice Award

Purple Patch Editors’ Choice Awards Mariona Bolao Manén, Editor in Chief Best Fiction Best Creative Nonfiction Best Artwork Best Academic Prose Alpha Chi Induction Ceremony Dr. Chris Libby & Dr. Andrew Linsenbardt

ABSTRACTS

Kiara Adams - see Buglovsky Cris E. Aguilar - Special Session: Patrol Procedures Makenzie Aguiar - “Does Growing Up In An Unstable Environment Make Kids More Aggressive?” (poster session) This study investigates the potential relationship between growing up in an unstable environment and increased levels of violence in children. This research is being undertaken at Missouri Valley College and will focus on students enrolled in the School of Education and Social Sciences. The study dives into the intricacies of the factors that lead to aggressive behavior, looking at the impact of several forms of instability such as familial conflict, home life, and parental influences. The study’s purpose is to focus and shed light on the complicated relationship between environmental instability and violent behavior by analyzing data from a survey distributed to Missouri Valley College Undergraduate Students. The study aims to contribute significant details to the present conversation regarding child development, emphasizing the need of comprehensive approaches for understanding and addressing the impact of unstable conditions on early aggression. Results are expected to show that there is a correlation between growing up in an unstable environment and aggression. Sarah Arnett - see Lechuga Bryson Anderson - “Novel Synthetic Strategies to Cannabidiol” (session 13) Tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) and Cannabidiol (CBD) are two cannabinoids found within the plant Cannabis Sativa. The structures of these two compounds are similar, yet have drastically different effects on the human body. Medicinal use of CBD has become increasingly popular; therefore creating a need for the extracted CBD. In this presentation I will explain the novel synthetic strategies found by Maiocchi, Barbieri, Fasano, and Passarella used to extract CBD independently from THC. Mystyque Anderson - “Current Issue in Criminal Justice” (poster session) This project will display the differences in between rape cases that have been reported and cleared vs. those that havent been reported or cleared. This project will break down the reasons why this specific type of crime has such low clearance rates. It will also go in depth about what exactly rape is, why victims dont report the crime, what gender the majority of victims are as well as the genders of the perpetrators. A better understanding of why these clearance rates are so low could help prevent these crimes from going without being reported or fully cleared.

Rubén Baquero Martinez - “Exploring the Diversity and Functionality in Computer Science” (poster session) This project presents a detailed analysis of the different types of programs that can be found nowadays in the field of Computer Science as well as the different functions they provide. It explores the features and uses of programming languages such as Java and Python, used in a variety of applications, to HTML for web development and C++ for software applications. Tools such as Figma, which facilitate user interface design and team collaboration, are also examined. This project also highlights the indispensable role of these programs in the development of artificial intelligence, essential in the transformation of diverse industries and in the opening of new possibilities in fields such as automatization and data analysis. The main objective of this research is to provide an overview of the large number of programs that are currently available and their importance in the development of innovative technologies. Willow Barnes - “Population Demography of Snapping Turtles (Chelydridae) in Mid-Missouri Ponds” (session 4) The reptile Order Testudines (turtles) is commonly found throughout the midwest region of North America. In general, turtles can be grouped into one of the three categories: non aquatic, semi-aquatic, and aquatic. The Family Chelydridae is composed of aquatic turtles and was the subject of this project. The goal of this research was to estimate the population size of snapping turtles in several Mid-Missouri farm ponds using mark-recapture methodology. Turtles were captured using baited hoop nets set for 24 hours. Standard measurements were taken on all captured turtles and individuals were released unharmed at point of capture. Turtles were also implanted with Passive Integrated Transponders (PIT tags), as a means to identify recaptured individuals. Ona Bartolome Areny & Kylie Linson - “Integrating Classroom Management with Effective Assessment Practices” (session 12) Classroom management and assessment can be viewed as two inseparable pillars of teaching. They combine in a mutually reinforcing way to provide students with a conducive environment for learning. This abstract focuses on the synergy between classroom management and assessment as they relate to student success. The combination of classroom management and assessment is a necessary factor for students’ future achievements. Educators can thus ensure that the assessment component is just a continuation of proper classroom management practices, and thereby, all students can benefit from such an enriching learning experience.

Raphael Battini - “Sleep and Academic Performance” (poster session) The importance of sleep has been a topic that is being studied a lot especially when the subjects are students and the importance of study on their lives and grades. The purpose of this research study was to examine the influence that sleep quantity and quality has on academic performance in students, this study also shows sleep necessity in overall health. The study had one hypothesis, that is that students that get a higher quality and at least eight hours of sleep tend to have a better academic performance than those who do not and especially those who sleep less than six hours per night. Overall, the results show that students that get more sleep tend to get better results in academics and tend to have a better health quality in general. Jacob Bean - “Echolalia: The Effect on Speech Development in People with Autism” (session 12) Echolalia is a non-voluntary repetition of speech. Seen as an echoing of phrases, echolalia is a typical step in the development of speech. But, if this trait continues past the age of three, it can be signs of developmental delays or underlying conditions such as autism. Echolalia is seen in many circumstances, such as Tourette’s Syndrome or Dementia, but this presentation will focus on echolalia’s effect on children and people with autism, speech development, and ways of intervention. Sage Beltran & Jacob Flores - “Bipolar Disorder: Symptoms, Effects, Diagnosis, and Treatment” (poster session) Bipolar disorder is a serious mental illness that causes unusual shifts in moods, ranging from extreme highs (mania or “manic” episodes) to lows (depression or “depressive” episodes). An estimated 4.4 % of American adults experience bipolar disorder at some point. There are 3 types of bipolar disorder. The first one is Bipolar 1, then Bipolar 2, and the last type of bipolar disorder is cyclothymia. When you have cyclothymia, you can typically function day to day and handle normal activities. But the mood swings are unpredictable and may significantly disrupt your life without much warning. There are many causes of Bipolar disorder, for example stress,poor sleep, seasonal changes. Nayeli Benevides - “Breastfeeding Satisfaction” (session 4) This project aims to resolve common problems mothers experience during breastfeeding. The first month after birth presents the most risk of breastfeeding problems: Cracked or sore nipples, insufficient production of milk and breast engorgement. Mothers should be supported as soon as possible after delivery to improve breastfeeding duration, exclusivity, and satisfaction. To achieve this goal, an informational pamphlet was developed to educate women on methods to decrease or resolve these common issues.

Caleb Benshoof - see Flores Juliana Blackburn - Purple Patch Editor’s Choice Award for Artwork: “Arrawana” (session 9) Corey Blue Morabito - “Powerlifting” (poster) Powerlifting is a strength sport that consists of three lifts: the squat, bench press, and deadlift. Athletes compete to lift the most weight possible in these three lifts within their respective weight and age categories. Each athlete has three attempts to realize their full potential. To enable an accurate comparison, the lifts must follow stringent technical guidelines. The heaviest successful lifts in each category are put together to form a “powerlifting total” that is used to rank athletes. Powerlifting measures both an athlete’s absolute strength and technical talents. Corey Blue Morabito - “Story about my Life” (session 5) My name is Corey Morabito. When I was 2 years old, my biological father discarded me on the streets in the Philippines. I lived there for five years with other abandoned children. It was very scary. I was put in an orphanage and adopted by a woman in the US. She couldn’t handle me, so Joanna and Michael Morabito stepped in. As a big sports family, my parents put me in wrestling so I could defend myself. I had been bullied a lot. I loved wrestling from the beginning. I added power lifting and now compete in both sports. On April 18 th , it will be 10 years since I became a Morabito. Mariona Bolao Manen - Purple Patch Editor’s Choice Awards (session 9) Jordan Bracamonte - “Human Trafficking and the Effects on Victims” Human trafficking is a global issue that affects millions of people every year. With some terrible effects on victims. Human trafficking is a grave violation of human rights that takes various forms, such as forced labor, sexual exploitation, and organ trafficking. Throughout history human trafficking has an issue that has gone unrecognized till recent years. It is a terrible crime that has horrific consequences on its victims. In this presentation I am going to explain what human trafficking is and what effects it has on its victims.

Kilee Bradley-Robinson - “The Effect of Parenting Styles on College Students Academic Success and Mental- Wellbeing” (poster session) Previous studies have disclosed potential relationships between parenting styles and emotional and educational effects. The purpose of the following study is to examine the impact that parenting style has on college students academic achievement and mental well-being. The data will be collected through a series of questions pushed out through a google form to Missouri Valley College students ages eighteen to twenty one enrolled in entry level psychology classes. For the completion of the survey participants were offered extra credit. The results of the survey were then transferred into a google sheet to be analyzed. The results of this research showed that there was a correlation between parenting styles and college students’ academic achievement and mental wellbeing. Although the results were significant the sample size may not be reflective of the entire population. Rayna Bray - “Trauma, and What they Aren’t Telling You” (poster session) Where does trauma affect your brain the most? Whether it is your frontal, temporal, or different areas of the brain. The next topic I want to cover would be what PTSD is and how it works. Making sure it is known that anything can trigger and develop traumatic remembrances. All 6 senses can be a cause and effect for those suffering from PTSD, and there are some cases where It is even unknown to the victim. Next would be proper coping mechanisms, and how to properly resolve an episode. Douglas Brown - “Social Justice Disparities and the Impact on Law Enforcement” (session 2) Social injustices between communities and law enforcement date back generations and are still prevalent today, leading to distrust of law enforcement. Such injustices take many forms and are rooted in ethnicity, race, gender, and socio-economic structures. Without comprehensive law enforcement reforms the American public is likely to maintain a distrust of law enforcement. Reform strategies need to focus on transparency, accountability, and unbiased policing practices to bridge the gap between law enforcement and communities.A survey was conducted using convenience sampling to collect individual respondent’s opinions and perceptions to gauge social justice disparities.SPSS was used to perform various statistical tests including descriptive statistics to draw conclusions. It is estimated that more than 61% of MVC students surveyed agree that police reform strategies need to focus on transparency, accountability, and unbiased police practices to create the needed change.

Hannah Brown - Editor’s Choice Award for Academic Prose: “Causes of Increased Wildfires in Western States and Implementation of Prevention Steps” (session 9) Kimberley Browne - “Postpartum Depression” (session 11) One in seven women struggle with postpartum depression. Untreated postpartum depression can lead to various health issues in not only the mother but the infant as well: cognitive delays, higher risk of suicide or self harm, and higher anxiety levels in mother and baby. An educational pamphlet was developed describing signs and symptoms of postpartum depression, when to contact a healthcare provider and resources if feeling depressed. The goal with this project is to decrease the occurrence of more severe postpartum depression, as indicated by earlier identification of ‘mild’ cases after the implementation of the educational pamphlet. Kyleigh Browning - see Walters Jayden Buglovsky - “All About Down Syndrome” (poster session) Down syndrome is a genetic condition caused by the presence of an extra copy of chromosome 21 and it presents physical and cognitive traits. This abstract explains the neurodevelopmental experiences of people with Down syndrome, focusing on cognitive, motor, and social-emotional development. This abstract also discusses the importance of early intervention strategies and personalized support systems. Lastly it will show the types of Down syndrome and how people can be screened for the condition. Conal Burnett - “The Impact of Coach Relationship on Athlete Motivation” (poster session) The relationship between coaches and athletes plays a crucial role in shaping athlete motivation and performance outcomes. This study examines the various dimensions of coach-athlete relationships and their influence on athlete motivation across different sports and levels of competition. Drawing upon frameworks such as Self-Determination Theory and Social Exchange Theory, this paper explores how factors such as coach support, communication, feedback, and leadership styles contribute to athlete motivation. The role of coach-athlete trust, and mutual respect in fostering a positive and motivational climate is discussed. Considering the implications of coach behavior/ interactions on athlete intrinsic motivation, extrinsic motivation, and overall satisfaction within the sporting context. Recommendations for coaches, athletes, and sports organizations are discussed to enhance coach-athlete relationships and optimize athlete motivation for improved performance and well-being. The study looks at the importance of nurturing positive and supportive coach-athlete relationships, a critical determinant of athlete motivation and success in sports. Colton Campbell - see Pradhan

Kevin Castillo - “Understanding and Decoding Dysgraphia in the Classroom” (poster session) This presentation explores the unique challenges dysgraphia presents to students in a classroom. This presentation argues that a versatile approach to dysgraphia through many different strategies can create an inclusive, and adaptive learning environment which suits the needs of the students. We will explore many effective strategies educators can use to support their students such as, assistive technology and multisensory approaches which can be added to daily classroom activities. By creating an inclusive classroom environment, educators can help build up their students’ confidence and enhance many of their skills. This provides a deeper understanding of how dysgraphia affects students in the classroom. Jyoti Chhetri - “Nepal” (session 18) My project is going to be an informative speech about my country Nepal where I tell the audience about the beauty and the tourism of Nepal. Chandler Christensen - “Drug Policies and Its Impact on Crime Rates” (poster session) The purpose of this study is to examine drug policies and its impact on crime rates. If the United States implements drug policy reforms then there will be less drug related criminal activity. With current socioeconomic factors like poverty, unemployment, and social exclusion affecting citizens with a drug problem creating drug related criminal activity. With the current drug policies in place in the United States it is creating mass incarceration for drug related criminal activities. If we can create drug policy alternatives and reforms it can help lower the mass incarceration rate we are seeing in our prisons. Doryan Cole - “Listening for Clues: Correlational Study on Mental Health and Musical Experiences Survey” (poster session) This study investigates the intricate relationship between music, mental health, and personal identity, particularly focusing on young adults. Music serves as a universal language, facilitating emotional expression, self- regulation, and interpersonal connection. Drawing on interdisciplinary perspectives, this study examines how exposure to different musical experiences influences psychological states, highlighting the nuanced effects on emotional well-being. It also explores the concept of musical self-regulation, where individuals actively use music to cope with stressors and regulate emotions. The study focuses on how music might help regulate mood, especially under stressful situations. Music serves as a dynamic medium, allowing people affected by stress to express their emotions. Understanding this dynamic highlights music’s therapeutic potential. The inquiry is around the recognition of individuals as active agents in their musical experiences. It investigates how listeners interpret and interact with music, which influences their identities, psychological well-being, and social behavior.

Doryan Cole - “Perceptions of Meagerness: How Violence and Lack Affect Personal Infrastructure” (session 7) In Kiese Laymon’s 2018 memoir Heavy, the connected perceptions of violence and a lack of adequate resources within ethnic/cultural backgrounds in America contribute to the formation of an unstable personal infrastructure. By this I mean what is affecting or belonging to someone’s emotional or physical being. In this project I argue that Laymon’s subjective experiences in the memoir shed light on the complexities of navigating life amidst these challenges and demonstrate how confronting and transcending these obstacles can ultimately support and illuminate autonomy, providing profound insights into the resilience and agency of individuals in marginalized communities. Joana Marucci Compte - “Enhancing Cultural Sensitivity in Nursing Staff” (session 15) Cultural sensitivity is a crucial phenomenon in today’s world. This project aims to enhance the cultural competence of nurses, fostering a more inclusive and patient-centered approach to healthcare delivery. Recognizing the diversity within patient populations, the project provides a structured and evidence-based curriculum that equips healthcare professionals with the necessary knowledge, skills, and attitudes to navigate the complexities of cultural differences. Joana Marucci-Compte - Purple Patch Editor’s Choice Award for Poetry: “Often” (session 9) Kaden Cowling - see Reidt Claudia Cruz & Maty Lincoln - “Fraud Scheme - Bernie Madoff” (poster session) The Bernie Madoff investment scandal was one of the largest ponzi schemes that lasted over five decades. This was the biggest financial crime in American history, which affected many investors. In this poster presentation we will show in detail how the Madoff scandal worked, and how it affected the investors. We will also discuss what exactly Bernie Madoff did, how he pulled it off, what a ponzi scheme is in detail, how a ponzi scheme works, how this scandal affected investors, and how he was caught and punished. We will be doing this by using data research from Investopedia, and we will be presenting some of the information with an easy to follow timeline of the scandal.

Sydney Cummings - “Police Brutality and its Effect on the Black Communities’ Mental Health” (session 2) For the Student Research Symposium, I would like to propose the research I completed in the Fall of 2022 on Police Brutality and its Effect on the Black Communities’ Mental Health. As a psychology major and a member of the Black Community I find the discussion of mental health very important. With the increase of police brutality in 2020, the mental wellbeing of Black and African American people has been disregarded. Police brutality is an issue that negatively affects the Black Communities’ mental health. This research will show how police brutality increases stress and puts Black people at risk for depression, post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and anxiety. Jada Dangerfield - “Socioeconomic Status & Supplementary Education In Relation to Educational Outcomes” (poster session) I am investigating the link between socioeconomic status (SES), supplementary education, and academic performance. Using a 35-question questionnaire covering school and individual SES, as well as academic performance, the study aims to uncover how SES and supplementary education impact academic achievement. The research hypothesizes that students from lower SES backgrounds face academic challenges and suggests that better resources could benefit them. The study will involve distributing the questionnaire electronically to approximately 100 PY-100 students after IRB approval. Data analysis will employ Jamovi to identify correlations between variables. Expected findings include higher academic success among students from stable socioeconomic backgrounds and potential academic improvements for socioeconomically disadvantaged students with better educational resources. Lynsey Day - “Dispositional versus Situational Attribution Theory within Youth Correction Facilities” (poster session) Situational attribution theory looks to an event as the cause of a behavior being an external factor, this is also the tendency to analyze someone’s actions due to the situation they are in. Dispositional attribution is when we look to internal factors as the cause of some event. Applying either situational and dispositional attribution to my internship at Waverly Regional Youth Center widely affects my personal feelings and perspective as well as other staff within the facility. When pointing to external factors to explain away someone’s behaviors as situational attribution theory suggests we tend to be more forgiving and understanding by default. Leaning on situational attribution theory also lessens resentment and feeling of judgment while fostering empathy for the youth in the facility. When we turn to dispositional attribution theory suggesting that people behave in the manner they do due to internal characteristics of theirs we tend to form harsh

judgements and stereotypes. Dispositional attribution theory can heighten our feelings of frustration and mistrust towards the youth we work with, blaming their behaviors on personal negative traits. Lynsey Day - “The Relationship Between Family Structure and Substance Use” (session 5) Previous research has indicated that families that deviate from the standard nuclear family, having two biological parents in the home, puts adolescents at a higher risk of substance use. This indicated to be especially true for children who resided in homes with deceased or absent fathers. Research points to several other factors that come into play when examining the relationship between family structure and substance use; factors such as sex, peer influences, familial socioeconomic status, family support and many others. The current study looks at how family structure and dynamic impacts adolescent attitudes towards substance use as well as their choice to engage in these types of behaviors. The findings of research related to these topics are important in creating preventative measures and protective factors for young people who come from families that look differently than the standard biological mother and father. The current study shows that those who report growing up in a household that deviates from the nuclear family structure also report more accepting attitudes and more exposure overall towards substance use. Estefano Del Aguila Delgado - “From Novice to Nature’s Glimpses: A Photographer’s Tale” (session 18) Embark on a visual journey into the wild with me. This presentation offers a glimpse into the world of wildlife photography through the lens of a beginner. Discover the stories behind each captivating image as I share my personal experiences and evolutionary journey in photography. From the thrill of capturing elusive moments to the patience required for perfect shots, immerse yourself in the joy of discovery. Delve deeper as I unveil the scientific identities and intriguing facts of the species captured, inviting you to explore the wonders of nature alongside me. Mario Diez - “Prime Numbers” (session 6) I will analyze and understand the importance of prime numbers in mathematics. I will talk about the principle of prime numbers, their importance in mathematics, some theorems, hypotheses, conjectures, the theorems, hypotheses, conjectures, the largest prime number found to date and some other concepts.

Emily Dolberry - “ADHD Awareness: Shifting Paradigms, Changing Lives” (session 17) ADHD, being a multifaceted neurodevelopmental disorder, demands a complex strategy for comprehension and assistance. This entails recognizing its diverse outcomes, societal perceptions, and implementing effective interventions to improve the quality of life for those diagnosed with ADHD. In my presentation I plan to help the audience understand what ADHD is, how it affects people differently, how outside people view them, and effective interventions. Alexis Duenas - see Hartline Destyne Duncan - “Improving Care for Uninsured Pediatric Clients and Families” (session 7) Proper healthcare can positively impact children’s ability to grow and develop physically and emotionally. This project identifies that children from non-insured families are experiencing barriers related to healthcare access and affordability. A list was developed for items that patients can bring to decrease the overall cost of their hospital stay. Among pediatric nurses, is satisfaction increased when using a developed list of items for non-insured pediatric clients and families to bring? Kara DuPont & Isabell Wallace - “Tired of Traditional Testing? (Alternative Forms of Assessment in Elementary Grades)” (poster session) In our presentation we will discuss traditional testing and alternative forms of assessment. We will highlight the different forms of alternative assessment and the benefits they have for individual and classroom growth. We will also share what traditional testing is, when it is necessary and why. We will share examples of each category and how they align with the curriculum and how progress is assessed. Elise Falcetti - “The Power of Social Influence on Hyper- Consumerism” (poster session) I will present how social psychology principles can change consumer behavior in order to understand how social status, self-image, and identity can make an impact on human motives. I will provide research on how social norms and conformity influence the decision-making process, so that consumers can understand the motives behind their consumption. Elise Falcetti - see Livengood Alejandro Fernandez - “Mathematics in Daily Life” (session 13) Mathematics permeates daily life beyond classrooms, influencing finance, healthcare, and technology. In finance, concepts like compound interest reveal investment growth potential. Healthcare employs models like SIR for disease spread prediction. Technology relies on math for image processing algorithms and

NLP. Finance utilizes advanced methodologies like MPT and option pricing models. Cryptography employs RSA and cryptographic hash functions. Quantum computing poses a new frontier. Mathematics, pivotal in decision-making, drives innovation and security. Its interdisciplinary presence enriches understanding and fosters limitless opportunities. Embracing mathematics ensures transformative progress across various domains, promising a future of boundless potential and innovation. Alli Ferrari - “Hirudotherapy“ (session 13) Leeches have been used for hundreds of years for medicinal components of therapy. Currently hirudotherapy or leech therapy is used to promote blood flow and decrease coagulation. This project aims to enhance the knowledge of nursing staff regarding the usage of medicinal leech therapy. This literature describes the diseases utilizing leech therapy, complications of therapy, and how to apply, remove and dispose of the leeches. This project also recognizes the barriers in relation to the medicinal use of leeches such as phobias, lack of knowledge, and emotional management. Lainey C. Ferrell - Special Session: Patrol Procedures Jacob Flores - see Beltran Josue Flores, Nick Tsoulfanidis, & Caleb Benshoof - “Enron Scandal” (poster session) This project delves deeply into the Enron scandal, examining the chain of events that led to its rapid growth and far-reaching impact. Our goal is to gain a better understanding of how such scandals can arise and identify warning signs for detecting fraud. To achieve this, we are analyzing a range of sources, including articles, reports, and news coverage, to gather as much information as possible and present it in an organized and coherent fashion. Our research aims to shed light on the Enron scandal and its broader implications, helping our group and others to grasp the full extent of its impact. Elizabeth Foose - see Livengood Natalie Garcia - “Policy Revision for Nurse-Patient Ratio” (session 14) Nursing is an ever-changing field with the goal to provide the highest quality care and improve patient outcomes. The current nursing shortage has resulted in a higher nurse/patio ratio. Nurses with a high patient ratio are at higher risk of committing medications errors and occurrence of patient falls due to decreased direct patient care. The benefits of decreasing nurse-patient ratio not only helps improve patient care but improves the safety of the nurses and patients. A potential policy was developed with supportive evidence for mandating a lower nurse/ patient ratio.

Lukas Garza - “What is Dyslexia?” (poster session) My project will show the struggles and disadvantages of the learning disability of Dyslexia for students in the United States. I will be defining and sharing the types of dyslexia and will be explaining them. Also sharing the significance on how it affects students and what areas show, like reading and writing. I will be showing charts and percentages in my poster of estimates of students who are in the classroom with dyslexia and sharing what resources can help students with dyslexia. I will show the areas of what students with dyslexia struggle in the classroom and share what schools do to help students that have dyslexia and what are the most effective strategies that can be used by dyslexic students. Avery R. Gifford - Special Session: Patrol Procedures Tyler Grandidier - “How Does Genetics Play a Role in Criminal Behavior?” (poster session) The question of how genetics influences criminal behavior is a topic of enduring interest and controversy within both scientific and societal contexts. Understanding the extent to which genetic factors contribute to criminality has significant implications for crime prevention, rehabilitation, and social policy. Ryan Greenwood - “The Evolution of Society Relationship with Drugs” (poster session) The evolution of drugs in society is a multifaceted phenomenon shaped by historical, cultural, and scientific factors. From traditional plant-based remedies to synthetic pharmaceuticals, the use and perception of drugs have undergone significant transformations over time. This project explores key moments in this evolution, from the ancient origins of drug use to the contemporary challenges of addiction and substance abuse. By examining the societal attitudes, policies, and innovations that have influenced the drug landscape, this study aims to provide a comprehensive overview of how drugs have shaped and been shaped by society. Through a lens of historical analysis and future projections, this abstract offers insights into the complex interplay between drugs and societal norms, highlighting the ongoing need for informed dialogue and evidence-based interventions. Wyatt Grunwald - “Darter (Percidae) Community Composition in The Salt Fork Creek, Saline County, Missouri” (session 16) The Darters (Percidae) are a group of ray-finned benthic fishes that typically occur in cool water streams. They are amongst the most brightly colored fishes in North America and are found in the Salt Fork Creek, a local stream. The Salt Fork Creek is a third-order stream that flows through Saline County, Missouri, and possesses physical characteristics typical of both the Ozark Plateau to the south and Glaciated Plains to the north. The purpose of this research was to examine spatial differences in the community composition of darters in the Salt Fork Creek.

Darters were sampled using a backpack electroshocker and all individuals were released unharmed at their point of capture. Miriam Gubo - see Romero Jesus Gutierrez - “The Relationship Between Self Esteem, Social Anxiety, and Academic Performance Among College Students” (poster session) This study will examine the relationships among self esteem, social anxiety, and academic performance among college students. The study will have participants from various courses throughout the school via a google form survey. The study has questions and items aimed to measure the level of self esteem and social anxiety of an individual. The study will survey approximately 100 undergraduate participants. The study serves to better understand the relationship of these variables. The results of this study can also serve to help people understand the root of social anxiety. It is predicted that the data will show an inverse relationship between self esteem and social anxiety, a positive relationship between academic performance and self esteem, and an inverse relationship between social anxiety and academic performance. Keylaney Gutierrez, Xhuliano Marku, & Tisha Solopa - “Disability and Inclusion: Examining the Environment and Physical Impediments of MVC Housing Facilities” (session 1) The book Against Technoableism: Rethinking Who Needs Improvement by Ashley Shew states the following, “When people assume that one device will “fix” us, they don’t pay attention to the host of other concerns around disability technology—the bad planning and design, the need for constant ongoing maintenance, the problem of money [...] and the staggering lack of social support for disability accommodations.” As institutions of higher learning strive for inclusivity and equitable access, the evaluation of college campus housing becomes paramount. This project will focus on the physical structure, moral considerations, and universal design principles within the context of impediments Missouri Valley campus housing presents to those with physical disabilities. The following housing facilities will be examined, MacDonald Hall, Viking Village, Vail-Brown, Redman, Moreland, and Roberts Hall. Addressing issues such as discrimination, socioeconomic disparities, and the needs of marginalized groups is crucial for all colleges, especially MVC to create an inclusive living environment. The findings of the evaluation will be taken into consideration to craft possible remediations.

Keylaney Gutierrez & Kloee Mills - “Chemical Structure Composition Reactions of Sunscreen” (session 18) The following presentation goes over the chemical structure composition reactions of sunscreen. Chemicals like titanium dioxide, zinc oxide, oxybenzone, and octinoxate are key ingredients in sunscreen. Some studies have discovered that titanium dioxide and zinc oxide oxidation can produce highly reactive radicals and oxygen species under UV light exposure. These reactive radicals and oxygen species are known to be harmful to cells. Which can further damage DNA plasmids and human skin cells. In addition, oxybenzone and octinoxate can affect the human body by hormone-disrupting effects. As well as damage to coral reefs and marine ecosystems. This being said, the following presentation compares multiple syntheses to come up with the best modification to make the ingredients in sunscreen less harmful to humans and the environment. Furthermore, the principles taught in the organic chemistry class will be applied throughout this presentation. Kazuki Hashimoto - see Kinami Alyssa Hardwick - “Classroom Assessment” (poster session) Classroom assessment is super important for seeing how well students are learning and helping teachers decide what to teach next. This abstract talks about different ways teachers test students and how it affects how much they learn and get involved. It also gives tips on how teachers can use assessments well in different kinds of classrooms to help students do better and feel supported in their learning. Rich Hart - “I Need my ESA” (poster session) This project is about the usefulness of animals to help people who either do not do well in a public setting without their animal or have trouble being alone for extended periods of time. While ESA’s are not service animals they are not pets either under law and can be a wide range of animals from hamsters to dogs. I will be looking into the different types of animals used as ESA’s and which mental health disorder has a common use for that animal. Dogs, cats, hamsters, rabbits, and miniature horses are the most common and what I will be focusing on. Kenneth Hartline & Alexis Duenas - “The Chemistry Behind Fentanyl” (session 7) A brief overview of the infamous drug fentanyl including: organic structure of the drug, synthesis, effects on the human body. Why fentanyl is so dangerous and potential solutions to combat the staggering number of fentanyl overdoses. Abby Hebert - “Benefits of Early Exposure to Disabilities” (session 6) Disabled children spend their childhood stressed and anxiously learning how to interact, socialize, and cooperate with neurotypical and/or non-disabled children in social and educational settings. For the most part, this is due to the fact that many children are not exposed to these children

in their day-to-day lives, so those children first starting school are not aware that there will be students with disabilities, or the concept of disabilities at all, mental or physical. Although it may be a difficult and sensitive topic for parents to explore with their young children, it is a discussion that would benefit everyone. Drawing on my exposure and awareness of disabilities at a young age, the question brought forth is in addition to teaching children with disabilities to adapt, why not teach unaware neurotypical children to welcome them, too? Chané Higgo - “Formula 1 Brandalism” (Art Showcase) For this project I have chosen to focus on Formula 1’s “We Race As One” campaign that they had during the 2020 and 2021 Formula 1 seasons. I will discuss the importance of this campaign in those years and how Formula 1 has since shy away from that message. I was tasked to create my own advertisement/ poster for the campaign and another advertisement/ poster where I ‘expose’ the dark side of Formula 1. For the brandalism part I decided to focus my exposure of Formula 1 on the inclusivity of women in motorsport and used F1 Academy, a subdivision of Formula 1, to convey my message. Raul Hinojosa Mesa - “Patellar Tendonitis Injury” (session 4) The research consisted of a scientific approach to the tendinopathy injury in the patellar tendon of the knee of a soccer athlete. The details of the injury will be explained. Example methods to follow for the treatment of this injury will be reported. John Hoffman, Javontae Rosser, & Randy Wright III - “Valley Sports” (session 18) We are three interns that are helping with all Missouri Valley sports. Getting to know what it takes to be an athletic director. Starting from the ground up. We will be able to tell you all about what it takes to have a successful game day behind the scenes Shelby Holliday - “Volunteer Program Project Proposal” (session 15) With nurse-to-patient ratios higher than in the past, care team members do not have time to socialize with all of their lonely patients. These elderly patients can benefit from even a few hours of time with someone who will sit and listen to them talk about their life. This program proposal aims to reduce patients’ feelings of loneliness and sadness by providing company during the hospital stay. A volunteer program for high school and college students who could earn service hours in exchange for providing socialization for elderly patients could benefit both parties. Rodrecus Holmes - “Track and Field” (poster session) I will present a project on the sport of track and field

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