Transformer Basic Operating Principles
Simplified Transformer
Key Features • Magnetic core facilitates energy transfer. Core materials are typically: o Grain-oriented electrical steel (GOES) o Amorphous • Two coils: Primary (input) and Secondary (output) o The coil windings may be constructed from either copper or aluminum • Transformers operate on the following ratios:
Where: Vp and Vs are the primary and secondary voltages; Np and Ns are the number of turns of conductor on the primary and secondary side; and Is and Ip are the primary and secondary currents.
Each transformer will have a characteristic impedance which is stated in %Z.
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