What is the impact on native species?
In the fully enclosed area, species richness and density of macrobenthic invertebrates decreased before and after S. alterniflora control. The species that disappeared included snails, bivalves, crustaceans and polychaetes, which are the important food sources for shorebirds. The polychaete Heteromastus filiformis and the bivalve Glauconome chinensis were the only species present both before and after the control measures. In the partially enclosed area, macrobenthic invertebrate richness increased and it is thought that the tidal flow brought in additional species, such as gastropods. The number of shorebird species at Chongming Dongtan, and their individual densities, are comparable to a natural wetland and higher than artificial wetlands (fishponds and farmland) (Fan et al. , 2021).
Sources: Wang et al. (2021); Zhao et al. , (2020); Zhang et al. , (2020); Hu et al. , (2015); Mark Dixon (pers. comm.)
5. Other sources of information
Assessment of different management actions for Spartina control: Reynolds S., Aldridge D., Christie A., Choi C.-Y., Jackson M.V., et al . (2023) Spartina invasive management - A review of the evidence. OSF. https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/3BWZX Assessment of different management actions for Spartina control: Wang S., Martin P.A., Hao Y., Sutherland W.J., Shackelford G.E., et al . (2023) A global synthesis of the effectiveness and ecological impacts of management interventions for Spartina species. Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering , 17 , 141. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11783-023-1741-x Summary of reviews of Spartina eradication programmes in South Island, New Zealand: Brown K. & Raal P. (2013) Is Eradication of Spartina from the South Island Feasible? DOC Research and Development Series 339. Department of Conservation: Wellington, New Zealand. Available at: https://www.doc.govt.nz/globalassets/documents/science-and- technical/drds339entire.pdf
References
Brown K. & Raal P. (2013) Is eradication of Spartina from the South Island feasible? New Zealand Department of Conservation. Available at: https://www.doc.govt.nz/globalassets/documents/science-and-technical/ drds339entire.pdf Evans P.R., Ward R.M., Bone M. & Leakey M. (1999) Creation of temperate-climate intertidal mudflats: factors affecting colonization and use by benthic invertebrates and their bird predators. Marine Pollution Bulletin , 37, 535 – 545. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0025-326X(98)00140-4 Fan J., Wang X., Wu W., Chen W., Ma Q., et al . (2021) Function of restored wetlands for waterbird conservation in the Yellow Sea coast. Science of The Total Environment , 756 , 144061. https://doi.org/10.1016/ j.scitotenv.2020.144061
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