Discover a curated selection of regionally adapted tree species ideal for urban environments. Inside you'll find detailed descriptions to help you select the right tree for your space. Grow a greener, healthier community one tree at a time!
TREE CATALOG OREGON URBAN
OUR COMMUNITY FORESTRY’S GUIDE TO TREES FOR HEALTHY, RESILIENT CITIES
OURCOMMUNITYFORESTRY.ORG | OURCF@OURCF.ORG | PHONE (541) 215-8137
TREE CATALOG
TABLE OF
Welcome to OUR Catalog --------------- In this section, you’ll find an overview of the catalog, what sets it apart, and how we recommend you approach tree selection. You’ll also find information on how key tree characteristics are designated. We encourage you to take a moment to read this added context, as it will help you get the most out of the catalog. OUR Symbology ------------------------- This section introduces the symbols used throughout the catalog, providing clear explanations of their meanings. These symbols help guide you in identifying key tree characteristics and features, making it easier to navigate and find the perfect tree for your needs. Trees By Category ------------------------ This section offers a convenient guide to trees sorted by specific characteristics. Explore collections that categorize trees based on attributes such as being native, producing food, offering stunning fall color, displaying showy blooms, and more. Find the perfect tree for your landscape based on your unique preferences and needs.
CONTENTS
All Trees ---------------------------------- This section includes every tree listed in the catalog, organized alphabetically by Latin name, first by genus, then by species. This method of organization means related trees (such as maples, oaks, and cedars) are grouped together. It’s a complete reference that lets you browse all of our reccomended urban trees in detail. Additional Urban Tree Resources ------- This section offers a collection of practical tools and references to support successful tree planting and long-term care. Resources include links to planting guides, watering recommendations, pest and pathogen identification, defensible space checklists, fruit tree pruning, and more. For needs not represented in this section, email us at OURCF@OURCF.org. Acknowledgements ---------------------- This section recognizes the many people and partners who made this catalog possible. From community volunteers and local organizations to staff and supporters, the acknowledgements highlight the collective effort that goes into caring for our urban forest and sharing this resource with the community.
TREE CATALOG
WELCOME TO OUR CATALOG
This catalog was created by Our Community Forestry to help communities across Oregon select tree species that are well suited to both current and future climate conditions. Our goal is to promote the planting of resilient trees that will support long-lived, healthy urban ecosystems.
The catalog highlights species proven to thrive in the hot, dry conditions of Southern Oregon. Because these trees can succeed in some of the state’s most challenging environments, we know they will perform well across Oregon’s Northern regions as well. This makes the catalog a reliable resource for anyone seeking trees that will grow successfully for years to come. While it is not an exhaustive list of every tree that can grow in Oregon, it focuses on species that align with our mission to build a climate-resilient urban canopy. Please note that many of the species included here are not well suited to coastal climates. Residents of Oregon’s coastal communities are encouraged to contact Our Community Forestry for site-specific recommendations. We hope to include a dedicated selection for these unique environments in future editions of this catalog. Ultimately, we hope this catalog inspires communities to plant trees adapted to Oregon’s current conditions and capable of thriving in the climate of the future. A resilient urban canopy helps ensure that our neighborhoods remain healthy, livable, and cool for generations to come.
Urban environments often strip away nature’s natural cycles, and every tree we plant is an opportunity to restore them - to support biodiversity, cool our cities, strengthen climate resilience, and improve our daily quality of life. You can do this by choosing the best possible tree for your space, one that contributes meaningfully to the environment around it. And just as importantly, choose a tree you love. A tree you’re excited to see every day, one you’ll want to care for, learn about, and watch grow. Trees are not just elements of a landscape; they are long- term investments in ecological health, community well-being, and the future of our neighborhoods. When you plant a tree that makes you happy, you’re far more likely to nurture it, and that care is what helps trees thrive. So pick a tree that fits your space, supports the planet, and brings you joy. Plant the best tree you can, care for it well, and leave your little piece of the world better than you found it. FERTILIZER FOR THOUGHT
TREE CATALOG
NATIVE & NON-NATIVE
In the context of this tree catalog, “native” refers to tree species that either naturally occur in Oregon today, or originate from nearby regions with similar conditions and are expected to thrive in Oregon as the climate continues to change. This definition embraces not only species traditionally considered native to the area but also those that are regionally native, meaning they naturally occur nearby and can thrive under similar environmental conditions. We use “native” in this way to acknowledge that tree species have migrated across the continent over millions of years, with their ranges shifting significantly in response to climate changes such as ice ages and periods of warming. Our approach recognizes the adaptability and diversity of plants in this unique region and incorporates both native species and species whose introduction could create more resilient urban forests, improving climate resilience in our cities.
TREE SIZE
In this catalog, we list both the expected height and width of each tree. Height describes how tall the tree will grow, from the ground up to the highest branches. Width describes how far the branches spread outward at maturity, measured at the widest part of the canopy.
In urban environments, trees often grow much smaller than their potential due to limiting factors like restricted root space, compacted soil, inconsistent water supply, pollution, heat stress, and pruning for infrastructure. Because of these challenges, we rely on real-world data rather than idealized nursery tags to determine tree sizes. Using Oregon’s TreePlotter inventory system, we analyze average sizes based on actual urban trees rather than theoretical maximums. For instance, while Douglas-fir ( Pseudotsuga menziesii ) can exceed 300 feet in optimal conditions, urban specimens in Oregon average just 65 feet. While some trees may surpass these averages, most are constrained by city conditions. By providing data-driven size estimates, we offer a realistic understanding of how trees will grow in urban spaces, helping you make informed decisions for your city, neighborhood, or backyard.
TREE CATALOG
OUR SYMBOLOGY
Coniferous or Broadleaf Coniferous species are represented by the symbol on the left featuring needles and cones, while broadleaf species are represented by the symbol on the right with a green leaf. Evergreen or Deciduous Evergreens are represented by the symbol on the left depicting an evergreen tree, while deciduous trees are represented by the symbol on the right showing a bare tree with falling leaves.
Recommended Sunlight Exposure Sunlight exposure is based on summer conditions: Full Sun (6+ hours), Partial Sun (4-6 hours), and Shade (<4 hours). Track direct sun hourly and consider shading from structures.
Native or Non-Native Native species are represented by the state of Oregon while non-native species are represented by the globe symbol. “Native” in this catalog is used in a broader ecological sense to support long-term climate resilience. For more information on native classifications, click here. Tree Size - Height and Width Our tree size estimates reflect real urban conditions—not idealized nursery tags. Using Oregon’s TreePlotter data, we provide realistic height and width averages based on existing urban trees across the state. For details on how these measurements were calculated, click here. Drought Tolerance High drought tolerance is represented by one drop of water, moderate by two, and low by one. This indicates how often an established tree should be watered during dry periods. A high rating doesn’t mean a tree can go without irrigation. We recommend supplemental watering for all trees to support long-term health. For more water resources, click here.
TREES BY CATEGORY
Trees for Powerline- Friendly Planting
These smaller, utility-friendly trees provide beauty and shade without interfering with overhead power lines, making them an effective choice for constrained spaces.
Urban Canopy: Street Trees Edition
Resilient and well-suited for urban spaces, these trees thrive in medians between sidewalks and roads, offering shade, beauty, and environmental benefits.
Oregon’s Native Tree Species Embrace the natural charm and ecological benefits of Oregon’s native tree species, supporting local wildlife and adding character to your outdoor spaces.
TREE CATALOG
Evergreen Tree Species These species, including both broadleafs and conifers, provide year- round foliage that helps maintain privacy and support wildlife throughout all seasons.
Trees with Stunning Fall Color
Enjoy a vibrant autumn display with these trees, known for their brilliant reds, oranges, and golds, bringing seasonal beauty to any landscape.
Trees That Feed Us: Edible Species These species offer more than beauty, they produce fruits, nuts, or other edible harvests that can be enjoyed at home or shared within the community.
Showy Flowering Trees Add a burst of color to your landscape with these trees,
celebrated for their stunning flowers that brighten up streets, yards, and gardens.
All Trees
THIS SECTION PRESENTS THE COMPLETE TREE CATALOG ORGANIZED BY LATIN NAMES, GROUPING SPECIES BY GENUS. ARRANGING TREES UNDER FAMILIAR GENERA SUCH AS MAPLES ( ACER ) AND OAKS ( QUERCUS ), MAKES IT EASIER TO LOCATE AND COMPARE THE TREES YOU’RE LOOKING FOR.
Abies nordmanniana NORDMANN FIR
CONIFEROUS
EVERGREEN
FULL SUN
NON-NATIVE
HIGH DROUGHT TOLERANCE
H: 60FT W: 45FT
The Nordmann fir is a dark green, gracefully symmetrical conifer that thrives in cultivation. This tall, handsome tree is a striking addition to a mixed conifer grove, and its sturdy yet open structure makes it a perfect Christmas tree, capable of holding ornaments while showcasing them beautifully. With shiny dark green needles (lighter beneath) and dense, forward-pointing foliage, its graceful branches are arranged in elegant tiers. Growing 6–9 inches per year on average, the Nordmann fir prefers well-drained, moist, fertile soil and benefits from sun or partial shade, especially when protected from drying winds.
Abies pinsapo SPANISH FIR
CONIFEROUS
EVERGREEN
FULL SUN
NON-NATIVE
MODERATE DROUGHT TOLERANCE
H: 60FT W: 45FT
The Spanish fir is one of the most unique specimens in the conifer collection, with an ancient lineage that predates humanity, surviving through the harsh conditions of the Ice Age. This species, believed to be at least two million years old, is slow- growing but resilient. The cones of the Spanish fir are cylindrical, initially greenish-pink to purple before maturing to a brown hue. They stand erect on the branches, with smooth surfaces and short scales that don't protrude, adding to the tree's distinct appearance. Its long history and exceptional characteristics make it an intriguing addition to any landscape.
Acer buergerianum TRIDENT MAPLE
BROADLEAF
DECIDUOUS
FULL SUN
NON-NATIVE
MODERATE DROUGHT TOLERANCE
H: 35FT W: 20FT
The trident maple is a captivating tree with a graceful, oval-to- rounded silhouette. Its gray-brown bark, streaked with orange offers year-round texture and visual appeal. The tree’s 3-lobed, dark green leaves transform into a fiery display of yellow, orange, and red in the fall. While its tiny greenish-yellow flowers are understated, its overall charm is undeniable. Thriving in well- drained, acidic soil and tolerating drought once established, this sun-loving tree is hardy in Southern Oregon but native to Eastern China and Korea. A favorite in bonsai art, the trident maple owes its name to its distinctive 3-pointed leaf lobes.
Acer griseum PAPERBARK MAPLE
BROADLEAF
DECIDUOUS
FULL SUN
NON-NATIVE
HIGH DROUGHT TOLERANCE
H: 25FT W: 15FT
The paperbark maple features striking papery orange-brown bark that peels to reveal a glowing copper trunk. Its leaves emerge vibrant green, transforming into a brilliant fall display of red- brown to fiery red. Adaptable to various soils, including clay, this native of Central China is one of the most beautiful and versatile maples, perfect for patios, large planters, or any landscape. Its Latin name, griseum , reflects the grayish hue of its leaf undersides, adding to its charm. Admired for its unique bark, dazzling foliage, and graceful form, the paperbark maple is truly unbeatable.
Acer macrophyllum BIGLEAF MAPLE
BROADLEAF
DECIDUOUS
PARTIAL SUN
NATIVE
MODERATE DROUGHT TOLERANCE
H: 60FT W: 60FT
The bigleaf maple is a broad-topped tree, perfect for creating dense shade in spacious landscapes. Its massive leaves, 6-12 inches across, emerge bright green in spring and glow like sunshine in autumn. In early spring, before the leaves appear, small, fragrant, greenish-yellow flowers bloom in drooping clusters, adding early-season interest. Native from Southwest British Columbia to Southern California, this tree thrives in riparian zones with its shallow root system, creating its own cool microclimate. Ensure it has ample moisture, and the bigleaf maple will reward you with beauty and shade for years to come.
Acer palmatum JAPANESE MAPLE
BROADLEAF
DECIDUOUS
PARTIAL SUN MODERATE DROUGHT TOLERANCE
NON-NATIVE
H: 20FT W: 20FT
The Japanese maple is cherished for its delicate structure and ever-changing display of color through the seasons. Finely textured leaves emerge red in spring, soften to green in summer, and finish in brilliant scarlet tones in fall. Native to Japan, Korea, China, and nearby regions, this species has given rise to hundreds of cultivars, each offering unique forms, leaf shapes, and colors. Japanese maples typically grow about 6 to 12 inches per year, depending on the cultivar. While stunning, they can be sensitive to harsh conditions like strong sun and drought. For best results, plant in partial shade with consistent moisture.
Acer saccharum SUGAR MAPLE
BROADLEAF
DECIDUOUS
FULL SUN
NON-NATIVE
MODERATE DROUGHT TOLERANCE
H: 60FT W: 40FT
The sugar maple is a stately hardwood known for its sweet sap and spectacular fall color, with leaves turning shades of yellow, orange, and red. In early spring, small greenish-yellow flowers appear before the foliage emerges. The bark matures from smooth gray to deeply furrowed plates over time. Native to the hardwood forests of Eastern Canada and the Northeastern United States, it grows about 1–2 feet per year. Sugar maple needs ample space and does not perform well in compacted or confined sites. It’s famous as the source of maple syrup and symbolized by the leaf on Canada’s flag.
Acer saccharum subsp. grandidentatum BIGTOOTH MAPLE
BROADLEAF
DECIDUOUS
FULL SUN
NON-NATIVE
MODERATE DROUGHT TOLERANCE
H: 35FT W: 20FT
Bigtooth maple, also called canyon maple, is a hardy western relative of the sugar maple ( A. saccharum ), native to the West- Central United States and Northern Mexico. Adapted to dry, rugged conditions, it brings the classic maple look to landscapes of the West. Its large, deeply lobed leaves are bright green in summer and ignite into vivid yellows, oranges, and reds in fall. In spring, clusters of small yellow-green flowers appear alongside new foliage. Bigtooth maple grows at a moderate to fast rate, adding about 12 to 36 inches per year. Like its eastern cousin, it produces sweet sap, and it offers outstanding seasonal color.
Acer triflorum THREE-FLOWERED MAPLE
BROADLEAF
DECIDUOUS
FULL SUN
NON-NATIVE
MODERATE DROUGHT TOLERANCE
H: 25FT W: 25FT
The three-flowered maple is a beautiful dense, rounded form tree, sometimes a shrub, native to Northern China and Korea. Its yellowish-brown bark exfoliates in patches, revealing its unique texture. The tree’s leaves are dark green in summer and transform into stunning shades of yellow, orange, and scarlet in fall. In early spring, clusters of small yellow flowers bloom. Its compact size and stunning form are ideal for creating a beautiful border or grove. With its fascinating bark and colorful foliage, this tree makes a dramatic impact when backlit, creating a captivating display year-round.
Acer truncatum SHANTUNG MAPLE
BROADLEAF
DECIDUOUS
FULL SUN
NON-NATIVE
MODERATE DROUGHT TOLERANCE
H: 20FT W: 15FT
The Shantung maple, also known as purpleblow maple, stands out with its glossy, deeply lobed leaves that emerge in lovely pastels before turning a clean mid-green. In fall, the tree’s color is spectacular, with shades of yellow gold, orange, red, and even purple. Clusters of yellow-green flowers and grayish-brown bark becomes deeply fissured and shaggy on older trees. Known for its heat and drought tolerance, the Shantung maple maintains a fresh appearance even in hot conditions, making it an excellent choice for warm areas. Its vibrant fall color and resilience make it a standout addition to any landscape.
Acer x freemanii FREEMAN MAPLE
BROADLEAF
DECIDUOUS
FULL SUN
NON-NATIVE
MODERATE DROUGHT TOLERANCE
H: 60FT W: 40FT
Freeman maple is a tough hybrid that combines the best traits of red maple ( A. rubrum ) and silver maple ( A. saccharinum ), arising naturally across eastern North America where the two species overlap. The tree’s name honors Oliver M. Freeman, who helped bring this hybrid into cultivation at the U.S. National Arboretum in 1933. With a rapid growth rate of 2 to 5 feet per year, they quickly form an attractive, rounded canopy. Hardy, adaptable, and visually appealing, this hybrid is a popular choice for parks, streetscapes, and landscapes where reliable shade and durability are desired.
Aesculus hippocastanum HORSE-CHESTNUT
BROADLEAF
DECIDUOUS
FULL SUN
NON-NATIVE
HIGH DROUGHT TOLERANCE
H: 50FT W: 50FT
The horse-chestnut, originally native to Greece and the Balkan Peninsula, is a stately tree celebrated for its ornamental beauty and historical charm. In spring, the tree bursts into showy, upright clusters of white flowers creating a stunning display. By autumn, its large leaves transform to shades of red-gold. The tree produces glossy brown seeds encased in a spiky green shell. Historically, farmers used these seeds to treat ailments in horses, giving the tree its common name. Today, extracts from the seeds are used in modern medicine but are poisonous to people and pets without processing.
Aesculus x carnea RED HORSE-CHESTNUT
BROADLEAF
DECIDUOUS
FULL SUN
NON-NATIVE
HIGH DROUGHT TOLERANCE
H: 50FT W: 40FT
The red horse-chestnut, a cross between horse-chestnut ( A. hippocastanum ) and red buckeye ( A. pavia ), is a striking tree that bursts into color each spring with vibrant pink to red flower clusters. These showy blooms attract hummingbirds and a wide range of insect pollinators. The tree matures into a full, rounded canopy within 5 to 7 years. Known for its toughness, the red horse-chestnut tolerates urban conditions better than either of its parent species, making it a reliable option for challenging sites. While relatively low maintenance, it does produce seeds that are poisonous to people and pets.
Arbutus menziesii PACIFIC MADRONE
BROADLEAF
EVERGREEN
FULL SUN
NATIVE
HIGH DROUGHT TOLERANCE
H: 60FT W: 60FT
The Pacific madrone, native to the Pacific Northwest, is known for its smooth, peeling reddish-brown bark and glossy, deep green leaves. The bark often feels cool to the touch, earning it the nickname “the refrigerator tree.” In spring, clusters of fragrant, urn-shaped white flowers bloom, followed by bright orange-red berries that persist into fall. These calorie-rich fruits are a vital food source for wildlife while the tree’s flowers support a wide range of native pollinators. Its dense, hard wood was historically valued for tools and even pipe organs, reflecting the tree’s strength and durability.
Betula nigra 'Cully' HERITAGE RIVER BIRCH
BROADLEAF
DECIDUOUS
FULL SUN
NON-NATIVE
MODERATE DROUGHT TOLERANCE
H: 40FT W: 40FT
The Heritage river birch is celebrated for its striking, exfoliating bark, which peels and curls to reveal layers of light brown, orange, and soft purple. While all river birches are admired for their bark, the ‘Heritage’ cultivated variety stands out for its especially vivid color and improved resistance to bronze birch borer. Originally discovered as a superior cultivar named ‘Cully’ after plantsman Earl Cully, nursery growers later adopted ‘Heritage’ as a more marketable trade name. This fast-growing tree adds about two to three feet per year, forming spreading limbs that cast welcome summer shade.
Calocedrus decurrens INCENSE-CEDAR
CONIFEROUS
EVERGREEN
FULL SUN
NATIVE
HIGH DROUGHT TOLERANCE
H: 80FT W: 45FT
Elegant and versatile, this evergreen conifer brings year-round beauty to any landscape with its rich, dark green foliage and naturally conical shape. Its graceful, spreading branches create a lush backdrop, while the golden haze of new growth in late winter adds seasonal interest. Birds are drawn to its sheltering canopy, making it a fantastic choice for wildlife-friendly gardens. Whether planted as a specimen, a windbreak, a screen, or as part of a woodland setting, this under-appreciated native tree offers both aesthetic appeal and ecological benefits. A must-have for those looking to enhance their outdoor space.
Carpinus betulus EUROPEAN HORNBEAM DECIDUOUS BROADLEAF
FULL SUN
NON-NATIVE
MODERATE DROUGHT TOLERANCE
H: 50FT W: 30FT
The European hornbeam is a dense tree with a pyramidal form that matures into a broad, rounded shape. Its dark green, deeply veined leaves turn yellow to deep red in fall, often lingering through winter. The smooth, slate-gray bark adds year-round interest, especially in winter alongside its ornamental buds. In spring, the tree produces clusters of delicate catkins. European hornbeams are excellent in groupings around large buildings and are also useful as screens, hedges, and windbreaks. With its dense foliage and tolerance for pruning, it is a versatile and elegant addition to the landscape.
Carpinus caroliniana AMERICAN HORNBEAM DECIDUOUS BROADLEAF
FULL SUN
NON-NATIVE
MODERATE DROUGHT TOLERANCE
H: 30FT W: 20FT
The American hornbeam, also known as musclewood, is a beautiful tree with smooth, fluted blue-gray bark that resembles flexed muscles. This slow-growing tree features lush green summer foliage that emerges reddish-purple in spring and transforms into brilliant shades of yellow, orange, and red in fall. It is an excellent choice for rain gardens and provides food and shelter for birds and pollinators. Historically valued for its extremely hard wood, it was once used for tool handles and ox yokes. This adaptable and wildlife-friendly tree brings year-round interest and resilience to any landscape.
Carpinus japonica JAPANESE HORNBEAM DECIDUOUS BROADLEAF
FULL SUN
NON-NATIVE
MODERATE DROUGHT TOLERANCE
H: 25FT W: 20FT
The Japanese hornbeam is a slow-growing tree native to Central and Southern Japan. It typically grows about 1 to 2 feet per year in good conditions. Its dark green leaves are deeply quilted with finely toothed edges, creating a rich, textured look through the growing season. In spring, yellow-green catkins appear, followed by papery, hop-like fruit that persist into summer. Smooth gray bark provides year-round appeal, especially in winter. Well suited as an understory or specimen tree, the Japanese hornbeam adapts to sun and a wide range of soils, offering a low- maintenance option for gardeners seeking a distinctive tree.
Carya ovata SHAGBARK HICKORY DECIDUOUS BROADLEAF
FULL SUN
NON-NATIVE
MODERATE DROUGHT TOLERANCE
H: 70FT W: 40FT
A standout native of the Midwest and Eastern United States, the shagbark hickory is easily recognized by the shaggy, curling bark that develops as it matures. This long-lived hardwood offers dense shade and seasonal color, with leaves turning golden- brown in fall. In spring, it produces green catkins followed by rich, buttery nuts, similar to pecans but hardier in northern climates. While nut production is irregular, they’re excellent for home use and attract abundant wildlife, including squirrels, turkeys, and ducks. Its bark can even be used to flavor syrup or smoke foods, making it as practical as it is picturesque.
Carya texana BLACK HICKORY
BROADLEAF
DECIDUOUS
FULL SUN
NON-NATIVE
HIGH DROUGHT TOLERANCE
H: 60FT W: 45FT
PHOTO CREDIT: ANNIKA LINDQVIST, (CC BY)
PHOTO CREDIT: KATHY MCALEESE, (CC BY)
PHOTO CREDIT: MATT REALA, (CC BY-NC)
PHOTO CREDIT: ANNIKA LINDQVIST, (CC BY)
Also known as Texas hickory, this species is native to the Southern Great Plains and Lower Mississippi Valley. It stands out for its dark, textured bark and resilience in hot, dry conditions. Smaller than most hickories, it’s well-suited to urban or residential landscapes where space or water may be limited. Black hickory’s rich green foliage provides dense summer shade and turns a brilliant yellow in fall. Its bronze to reddish-brown nuts are edible, sometimes sweet, sometimes slightly bitter, and a favorite of squirrels, mice, and birds. The tree also supports diverse insect life.
Cedrus deodara DEODAR CEDAR
CONIFEROUS
EVERGREEN
FULL SUN
NON-NATIVE
HIGH DROUGHT TOLERANCE
H: 60FT W: 45FT
The deodar cedar, also known as the heavy weeping Himalayan cedar, is a stunning addition to any garden. Its graceful, weeping form and vibrant emerald green new growth bring unmatched beauty and elegance to the landscape each year. A medium grower, it can reach up to 10 feet in height in 10 years, maturing around 30 feet tall with minimal pruning. The tree's year-round gray-green color adds interest to winter gardens while providing cover and nesting sites for birds and small mammals. Additionally, the deodar cedar is resistant to deer damage, making it a resilient and valuable addition to your landscape.
Cedrus libani CEDAR OF LEBANON
CONIFEROUS
EVERGREEN
FULL SUN
NON-NATIVE
MODERATE DROUGHT TOLERANCE
H: 60FT W: 45FT
The cedar of Lebanon has a grand, timeless presence that adds distinction to any landscape. This slow-growing tree typically has a single trunk with many branches that spread out horizontally, spiraling upward as it matures. Its dark-green, inch-long needles grow in clusters, and its barrel-shaped cones stand upright above the branches. Prized for millennia as a symbol of strength, the cedar of Lebanon has been used in the construction of temples, such as Solomon’s, and ships, and is mentioned extensively in ancient texts including the Bible and the Epic of Gilgamesh. It’s an excellent choice for bringing historical significance to your garden.
Celtis occidentalis AMERICAN HACKBERRY
BROADLEAF
DECIDUOUS
FULL SUN
NON-NATIVE
HIGH DROUGHT TOLERANCE
H: 60FT W: 60FT
Often called “one tough tree,” the American hackberry is a hardy, long-lived species that thrives in heat, drought, wind, and urban conditions. It develops a broad, rounded crown with arching or slightly drooping branches and bark marked by distinctive corky ridges and warts. Though its rough, dull-green leaves provide only modest fall color, the hackberry compensates with clusters of orange-brown to dark-purple berries that persist into winter, feeding birds and wildlife. Elm-like in form but far more resilient, it supports numerous butterfly species and endures everything from pollution to poor soils with ease.
Cercis canadensis EASTERN REDBUD
BROADLEAF
DECIDUOUS
FULL SUN
NON-NATIVE
MODERATE DROUGHT TOLERANCE
H: 20FT W: 20FT
The eastern redbud is known for its early spring, small rosy-pink to magenta flowers that bloom before the leaves appear, making it one of the most dramatic displays of the season. Heart-shaped leaves emerge bronze, turn rich green through the summer, and shift to yellow in the fall. The tree's delicate blossoms attract nectar-seeking insects and early-season butterflies, while its seeds provide food for an abundance of wildlife. In addition to its ornamental value, the eastern redbud is edible. Its flowers, young buds, and immature seed pods can be safely enjoyed, offering sweet, slightly tangy flavors.
Cladrastis kentukea YELLOWWOOD
BROADLEAF
DECIDUOUS
FULL SUN
NON-NATIVE
MODERATE DROUGHT TOLERANCE
H: 30FT W: 30FT
Native to the Southeastern United States, the yellowwood is prized for its smooth gray bark, fragrant white spring flowers, and brilliant yellow fall color. Its name comes from the tree’s yellow- tinted heartwood, once used as a natural dye. Its leaves emerge yellow-green, deepen to bright green in summer, and turn clear golden in fall. Every few years, mature trees produce cascading clusters of intensely fragrant, white blooms, giving way to slender seed pods by autumn. While its branches can be brittle in heavy ice or snow, it remains one of the most beautiful and underused flowering trees for urban landscapes.
Cornus florida FLOWERING DOGWOOD
BROADLEAF
DECIDUOUS
PARTIAL SUN
NON-NATIVE
MODERATE DROUGHT TOLERANCE
H: 15FT W: 20FT
The flowering dogwood brings four-season beauty to any landscape. In early spring, its branches are covered in showy white “flowers” which are actually clusters of small yellow-green blooms surrounded by four broad, petal-like bracts. In summer, the tree displays dark green foliage before turning rich red-purple in the fall. Clusters of glossy red fruits follow, feeding songbirds and wildlife well into winter. It has a low, broad form and layered branching. Native from Maine to Mexico and the state tree of Missouri and Virginia, it remains a timeless favorite for home landscapes.
Cornus kousa KOUSA DOGWOOD
BROADLEAF
DECIDUOUS
PARTIAL SUN
NON-NATIVE
LOW DROUGHT TOLERANCE
H: 15FT W: 15FT
A four-season standout, the kousa dogwood is also known as the Chinese or Japanese dogwood. This small, slow-growing tree offers year-round interest with layered branching, star-like blooms, colorful fruit, and striking bark. In late spring, creamy- white, four-petaled bracts develop lasting for weeks and giving way to pinkish-red, raspberry-like fruits that are edible for both people and wildlife. The tree’s lush green summer canopy turns reddish-purple in fall, and its jigsaw-patterned bark provides winter appeal. It performs especially well in lawns or open spaces but appreciates mulch to keep its shallow roots cool.
Cornus mas CORNELIAN CHERRY
BROADLEAF
DECIDUOUS
FULL SUN
NON-NATIVE
HIGH DROUGHT TOLERANCE
H: 20FT W: 15FT
Among the first trees to bloom each year, the cornelian cherry brightens late winter with clusters of star-shaped yellow flowers that appear before the leaves. Native to Europe and Western Asia, this ancient species has been cultivated for centuries for its tart, cherry-red fruits, which ripen in midsummer. Rich in vitamin C, the fruit can be eaten fresh or made into preserves and syrups and are prized for their flavor and health benefits. Beyond its ornamental blooms and bright fruit, this species offers glossy green foliage, exfoliating bark, and strong resistance to disease and pests.
Corylus colurna TURKISH HAZEL
BROADLEAF
DECIDUOUS
FULL SUN
NON-NATIVE
HIGH DROUGHT TOLERANCE
H: 40FT W: 15FT
The Turkish hazel, or hazelnut, is a hardy, slow-growing tree prized for its durability and elegant structure. With a pyramidal shape and dense branches, it maintains a symmetrical crown. Its dark green, textured foliage is highly resistant to pests and disease, turning pale yellow-green to purplish in the fall before lingering late into the season. In early spring, showy catkins appear, while the tree’s distinctive beaked nuts develop in summer, offering an edible, though well-protected, treat. Highly adaptable, it thrives in urban conditions, tolerating heat, cold, drought, and a variety of soil types.
Corylus cornuta BEAKED HAZELNUT
BROADLEAF
DECIDUOUS
PARTIAL SUN
NATIVE
HIGH DROUGHT TOLERANCE
H: 15FT W: 25FT
The beaked hazelnut is one of the earliest trees to bloom. It brightens late winter with dangling cream-colored catkins that appear before the leaves, an early source of beauty and pollen in the garden. Its velvety, birch-like leaves turn a brilliant golden yellow in fall, while its unique beaked husks enclose edible nuts prized by both wildlife and foragers. Squirrels, and songbirds feed on the nuts, buds, and catkins. Though its nut yield is smaller than commercial hazelnuts, it offers unmatched habitat value, seasonal beauty, and a touch of wild elegance to shaded gardens and food forest plantings.
Cotinus obovatus AMERICAN SMOKETREE DECIDUOUS BROADLEAF
FULL SUN
NON-NATIVE
HIGH DROUGHT TOLERANCE
H: 20FT W: 20FT
A rare gem, the American smoketree brings striking, year-round interest to the landscape. In early summer, airy clouds of pink to purple “smoke” appear, the fine, hairlike stalks of spent flower clusters. Spring foliage emerges soft pink, deepens to blue-green, then brilliant orange, red, and purple in fall. With dark, flaking bark, sculptural branching, and fragrant resin, it’s as captivating up close as from afar. Native to rocky limestone hills from Kentucky to Texas, this hardy, drought-tolerant, and deer- resistant tree thrives in full sun and well-drained soils, making it a standout for borders, slopes, or as a dramatic specimen.
Diospyros virginiana AMERICAN PERSIMMON DECIDUOUS BROADLEAF
FULL SUN
NON-NATIVE
HIGH DROUGHT TOLERANCE
H: 50FT W: 25FT
The American persimmon is Native to the Eastern and Central United States. produces fragrant flowers in spring to early summer. Diospyros , the genus for persimmons, translates from Greek as "fruit of the gods" or "divine fruit." To produce fruit, the small, fragrant, greenish blossoms on a female tree must be pollinated by a nearby male, so both are needed for a good harvest. Its flowers develop into glowing, orange fruit after a frost and can persist on bare branches through the winter. This species thrives in hot, dry, or poor soils and tolerates wind and urban conditions.
Fagus grandifolia AMERICAN BEECH
BROADLEAF
DECIDUOUS
PARTIAL SUN
NON-NATIVE
MODERATE DROUGHT TOLERANCE
H: 50FT W: 30FT
The American beech is a slow-growing but long-lived tree known for its iconic smooth, gray “elephant skin” bark. This species offers stunning golden-bronze fall color and hard, edible beechnuts that are an important food source for wildlife. A unique trait of the American beech is marcescence, where its golden leaves cling through the winter until new spring growth pushes them off. This tree also produces strong, durable wood historically used for furniture, tools, and even as a coffee substitute. The American beech is cherished for its beauty, ecological benefits, and ability to grow for centuries.
Fagus sylvatica EUROPEAN BEECH DECIDUOUS BROADLEAF
PARTIAL SUN
NON-NATIVE
MODERATE DROUGHT TOLERANCE
H: 50FT W: 30FT
The European beech is a stately, long-lived deciduous tree admired for its smooth, silvery-gray bark and wide-spreading form. Its dark green leaves emerge in spring, providing dense summer shade before turning rich shades of russet and gold in fall. Even in winter, its elegant branching structure creates a striking silhouette. While slow to mature, this tree rewards patience with unmatched beauty, making it a standout. It tolerates pruning exceptionally well, allowing it to be shaped into hedges, windbreaks, or even bonsai. The European beech is truly one of the most impressive specimen trees available.
Frangula purshiana CASCARA BUCKTHORN
BROADLEAF
EVERGREEN
FULL SUN
NATIVE
HIGH DROUGHT TOLERANCE
H: 25FT W: 30FT
Cascara buckthorn, also known as cascara sagrada or chittem stick, is a shrub or small tree native to western North America. Its glossy, oval leaves turn yellow in fall, and clusters of small greenish-yellow flowers bloom in spring, giving way to red-to- dark-purple drupes that provide food for birds and mammals. The bark, traditionally used as a natural laxative, is intensely bitter and peels easily in spring or early summer. Shade-tolerant and resilient, cascara thrives along streamsides and in mixed forests, forming brushy stands that offer wildlife shelter while helping prevent soil erosion.
Ginkgo biloba GINKGO
BROADLEAF
DECIDUOUS
FULL SUN
NON-NATIVE
MODERATE DROUGHT TOLERANCE
H: 50FT W: 30FT
Ginkgos, often called “living fossils,” have existed for over 200 million years, remaining virtually unchanged from their ancient ancestors of the dinosaur era. An incredibly hardy tree, the ginkgo thrives in both hot and cold climates and withstands pollution, poor soil, pests, deer, and inconsistent watering. Its distinctive fan-shaped leaves create a stunning golden display in the fall. Remarkably resilient, six ginkgos survived the atomic bombing of Hiroshima and are still thriving today. Resilient, historically significant, and visually striking, the ginkgo is a timeless addition to any landscape.
THORNLESS HONEYLOCUST Gleditisia triacanthos f. inermis
BROADLEAF
DECIDUOUS
FULL SUN
NON-NATIVE
HIGH DROUGHT TOLERANCE
H: 45FT W: 60FT
The thornless honey-locust is a graceful, fast-growing shade tree known for its airy, lacy foliage that casts a light, dappled shade, perfect for maintaining grass and plants beneath its canopy. It is highly adaptable, thriving in a wide range of soil conditions while tolerating drought and urban pollution. In autumn, its fine- textured leaves turn a brilliant yellow before dropping in small leaflets. The native honey-locust bears large thorns, but the thornless varieties are most commonly cultivated. With a short trunk and an open, spreading crown, this tree brings both beauty and practicality to a landscape.
Gymnocladus dioicus/dioica KENTUCKY COFFEETREE
BROADLEAF
DECIDUOUS
FULL SUN
NON-NATIVE
HIGH DROUGHT TOLERANCE
H: 90FT W: 45FT
The Kentucky coffeetree, with a distinctive dark gray bark and almost white twigs, creates a striking winter silhouette. In spring, the leaves have blue tones with pink and purple highlights, transitioning to a warm yellow in autumn. Growing slowly, it forms an oval crown and offers a bold architectural presence in large settings. In late spring, fragrant panicles of creamy white flowers appear, followed by hard-shelled seed pods on female trees. Though toxic unless roasted, these seeds were historically used to make a coffee-like beverage. Rarely troubled by pests or disease, this tree is a great landscape option.
Hesperocyparis arizonica ARIZONA CYPRESS
CONIFEROUS
EVERGREEN
FULL SUN
NON-NATIVE
HIGH DROUGHT TOLERANCE
H: 60FT W: 30FT
The Arizona cypress is native to the arid Southwest. Well adapted to heat and drought, its blue-green foliage forms a graceful conical crown, while its bark ranges from rugged gray- brown to smooth, papery layers of purple and red. Though it grows slowly under natural dry conditions, it can be a rapid grower, up to three feet per year, when planted in richer soils with adequate moisture. The tree produces woody cones that often remain closed for years before releasing seeds. Valued for windbreaks, erosion control, and as a bold ornamental, the Arizona cypress brings resilience, and beauty to dryland gardens.
Hesperocyparis bakeri BAKER CYPRESS
CONIFEROUS
EVERGREEN
FULL SUN
NATIVE
MODERATE DROUGHT TOLERANCE
H: 50FT W: 45FT
This rare and resilient evergreen is the hardiest cypress in North America. Sometimes called Modoc cypress, it stands out with striking blue-gray, scale-like foliage and a naturally narrow form, making it an excellent choice for a screen or windbreak. One of its most fascinating traits is its relationship with fire, its glossy, round cones remain closed for years, only opening in wildfire. This adaptation ensures the species' survival, making it a symbol of resilience and renewal. Though slow-growing at about a foot per year, its exceptional color, toughness, and ecological significance make it a unique addition to any landscape.
Juglans californica var . hindsii HINDS WALNUT
BROADLEAF
DECIDUOUS
FULL SUN
NATIVE
HIGH DROUGHT TOLERANCE
H: 60FT W: 50FT
The Hinds walnut, or Northern California black walnut, is native to California. Introduced to Oregon by settlers in the 1800s, it thrived along streams in the Willamette Valley and is now naturalized, performing well in the region’s climate while providing food and shelter for wildlife. This drought-tolerant tree features distinctive tufts of hair on the underside, setting it apart from similar species. Rounded walnuts with thick shells yield rich, flavorful meat for humans and wildlife. The Hinds walnut is the rarer variety of Northern California walnut, combining ecological productivity with historical and practical significance.
Juglans nigra BLACK WALNUT
BROADLEAF
DECIDUOUS
FULL SUN
NON-NATIVE
MODERATE DROUGHT TOLERANCE
H: 70FT W: 60FT
The black walnut is prized for its dark, richly grained wood and flavorful nuts. Native to the Central and Eastern United States, it has a tall trunk, spreading crown, and deeply furrowed bark. Nut production may begin within a decade but typically takes 20 years for a full yield. Beyond its value as timber and a food source, its hard shells are used in abrasives and its husks as natural dye. The tree produces juglone, a compound that can stunt nearby plant growth, especially in tomatoes. Despite its beauty and value, the black walnut is vulnerable to thousand cankers disease, which often leads to rapid decline and death.
Lagerstroemia indica CRAPE MYRTLE
BROADLEAF
DECIDUOUS
FULL SUN
NON-NATIVE
HIGH DROUGHT TOLERANCE
H: 15FT W: 25FT
Crape myrtle is known for its long-lasting summer blooms and colorful bark. Native to East and Southeast Asia, they were introduced to the U.S. in the late 1700s. From midsummer into fall, its crinkled flowers range from white and pink to deep red and purple, bring vivid color when most plants have stopped blooming. Smooth, peeling bark and striking fall foliage add year- round appeal. Fast-growing and low-maintenance, crape myrtle tolerates drought, heat, and urban pollution once established. It attracts songbirds, pollinators, and butterflies, and is available in dwarf to tall varieties, making it a versatile choice.
Liquidambar styraciflua AMERICAN SWEETGUM DECIDUOUS BROADLEAF
FULL SUN
NON-NATIVE
HIGH DROUGHT TOLERANCE
H: 60FT W: 40FT
American sweetgum is a long-lived tree native to the Southeastern United States. It has a medium to fast growth rate typically adding 1 to 3 feet per year. The star-shaped leaves emerge fresh green in spring and in the fall shift through shades of yellow, orange, red, and deep purple. The tree’s round, spiky seed balls persist through winter, providing food for birds and other wildlife. True to its name, sweetgum produces a fragrant resin that seeps from the bark. Historically, this “gum” was used for chewing, perfumes, medicines, and even adhesives, adding cultural significance to its ornamental value.
Liriodendron tulipifera TULIP TREE
BROADLEAF
DECIDUOUS
FULL SUN
NON-NATIVE
MODERATE DROUGHT TOLERANCE
H: 60FT W: 30FT
The tulip tree is named for its striking cup-shaped, tulip-like flowers that bloom in spring. These yellow flowers, with an orange band at the base of each petal, appear after the leaves have fully developed. The flowers are often first noticed when the colorful petals begin to fall to the ground. The bright green leaves turn yellow or brown in the fall. After flowering, the tree produces cone-like fruit that ripens in the fall, turning brown. The tulip tree is a favorite nesting site for birds, and its flowers attract butterflies and hummingbirds, making it a beautiful and beneficial addition to any landscape.
Maclura pomifera OSAGE ORANGE
BROADLEAF
DECIDUOUS
FULL SUN
NON-NATIVE
HIGH DROUGHT TOLERANCE
H: 50FT W: 40FT
Osage orange is native to parts of Arkansas, Oklahoma, and Texas. It’s a fast-growing tree that typically grows 1–2 feet per year. Early Great Plains settlers used it to form thorny hedgerows that served as living fences for livestock, many of which still remain today. Female trees, when near a male, produce large, wrinkled, green “hedge apples.” Nursery selections favor male trees that are thornless and fruitless. Its rot-resistant wood was historically prized for bow-making, giving rise to the name “bowwood.” With aggressive growth and suckering, they should be planted in maintained areas where its spread can be managed.
Magnolia denudata YULAN MAGNOLIA
BROADLEAF
DECIDUOUS
FULL SUN
NON-NATIVE
MODERATE DROUGHT TOLERANCE
H: 25FT W: 20FT
The yulan magnolia, or “jade lily,” is an early-flowering tree with fragrant, goblet-shaped white flowers that appear in late winter or early spring before the leaves emerge. These blooms give way to small, cone-like fruits that release red seeds on delicate threads by late summer. Native to China, yulan magnolia was likely the first magnolia cultivated, dating back nearly 4,000 years. Long used in traditional medicine, it is now also valued in modern skincare for its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and soothing properties. Growing 8–16 inches per year, it is highly tolerant of air pollution making it well suited for urban conditions.
Magnolia grandiflora SOUTHERN MAGNOLIA
BROADLEAF
EVERGREEN
PARTIAL SUN
NON-NATIVE
MODERATE DROUGHT TOLERANCE
H: 70FT W: 40FT
The southern magnolia is an iconic tree being the symbol of the American South and the state tree of Mississippi. It’s prized for its massive, fragrant white blooms that emerge in late spring before giving way to cone-like fruits. Its bark has been used medicinally for centuries to help ease anxiety and inflammation. Magnolias are true living fossils, having evolved long before bees. Their flowers are pollinated primarily by beetles, which are attracted to its protein-rich pollen. The blooms feature a unique strategy in which flowers close at night, temporarily trapping beetles and coating them with pollen before reopening in the morning.
Magnolia kobus KOBUS MAGNOLIA
BROADLEAF
DECIDUOUS
FULL SUN
NON-NATIVE
MODERATE DROUGHT TOLERANCE
H: 30FT W: 20FT
Kobus magnolia, native to Japan and Korea, is an early-flowering tree with fragrant, white blooms often tinged with pink. Blooms appear in late winter or early spring before the foliage and give way to red autumn seeds that attract birds. Trees may take 25–30 years to reach full bloom and have a slow growth rate. Parts of this tree are edible including its flowers and buds (often cooked) as well as its leaves which can be used fresh, dried, powdered as a seasoning, or brewed into tea, all offering a spicy, gingery flavor. This species is part of an impressive lineage that dates back over 95 million years.
Metasequoia glyptostroboides DAWN REDWOOD
CONIFEROUS
DECIDUOUS
PARTIAL SUN
NON-NATIVE
MODERATE DROUGHT TOLERANCE
H: 50FT W: 45FT
Once thought extinct and rediscovered in China, the dawn redwood is a living fossil. Closely related to the coast redwood ( S. sempervirens ) and giant sequoia ( S. giganteum ), it offers a similar stately appearance without the massive size. Its soft, feathery foliage turns a striking golden-bronze before dropping in fall, making it one of the few deciduous conifers. The tree’s symmetrical form and rapid growth, up to three feet per year, make it a stunning focal point. This species is excellent for wet sites, tolerating wet soils and even standing water, making it ideal for pond edges or low spots where other trees struggle.
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