Abstract This study examines the balancing strategies adopted by the founding fathers of the State of Qatar - Sheikh Mohammed bin Thani (1788-1878), Sheikh Jassim bin Mohammed (1827-1913), and Sheikh Abdullah bin Jassim (1871- 1957) - in their relations with the Ottoman and British Empires. It accounts for the objective parametres that shaped these strategies, namely: the historical context, geographical constraints, balance of power and magnitude of threat. It also highlights subjective factors, including the founding fathers’ capacity for leadership and cultural affinities. The study further identifies the essential characteristics of these relations, which consisted of cautious partial allegiance, strategic autonomy and tactical flexibility. Finally, it links the present to the past by uncovering the historical roots of Qatar’s contemporary foreign policy. Keywords: Qatar, strategy, foreign policy, Ottoman Empire, British Empire.
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