Grammar in context 1
Developing vocabulary
1a Match the sentences (1–4) to the rules (a–d). 1 A UK environmental charity is meeting the government soon. 2 When you go out this weekend, will you go for a burger? 3 Experts predict that it will take between 20 and 30 years. 4 Based on the latest numbers the population is going to grow to about 10 billion. a We use the present simple with time expressions like when, after, before, as soon as, until to talk about the future. b We use the present continuous to talk about fixed, confirmed future arrangements. c We use will to make general predictions, often using think , hope , predict , expect , believe . d We use be going to to make predictions based on some sort of evidence. 1b Read the sentences and complete the rules (a–d) with will , be going to or the present simple. 1 The health club meeting begins at ten o’clock tomorrow. 2 I ’m going to attend the meeting. 3 It will be their third meeting. 4 Hey! I know. I ’ll ask them a few questions. a We use for decisions that we make at the moment of speaking. b We use to talk about an objective truth, a ‘fact’. c We use to talk about a future event that is part of a timetable or routine. d We use to talk about plans or intentions. will , be going to , present continuous and present simple for future Check it page 54 2 Complete these sentences about the future with the correct form of the present simple or will . 1 I (not start) lunch until you (arrive). 2 When the water (start) to boil in a minute, I (add) the pasta. 3 Lisa (have) dinner as soon as she (finish) her homework. 4 I (get) dressed before dad (call) me for breakfast. 5 When you (see) Mark tomorrow, you (give) him this? 6 I (make) your sandwich as soon as you (bring) me the bread.
Prefixes 1 Look at these words. Do the prefixes in bold change the meaning of the word or the type of word (noun, verb, etc.)? re think • over priced • dis appear
speaking Write one or two predictions about what you think is going to happen, or isn’t going to happen, in each photo. You can use the words below for ideas. attack • become friends • fall • get angry • get a shock • get wet • run away • turn round
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INTRODUCING FLEXITARIANISM PUBLIC MEETING ALL WELCOME
2 Match these prefixes and their meaning. Prefix Meaning (1) pre (2) over (3) mis (4) inter
a
(a) again (b) not enough (c) the opposite (d) wrong, incorrect (e) before (f ) too much (g) with, together (h) between
WHERE? Wakefield College EVENT TIMETABLE 4 pm Introduction of speakers 4.30 pm First speaker: Emma Arnold explains what Flexitarianism is 5.30 pm Watch documentary about food and global warming 6.30 pm Snacks (all good for the environment!) 7.15 pm Second speaker: Roy Morris suggests alternatives to meat 8.30 pm Prize-giving ceremony for school projects about Flexitarianism TV crews will be there all afternoon to make a programme about the event WHEN? Next Saturday
(5) dis (6) co (7) re (8) under
3 What prefix or prefixes can you add to these words? Check that you understand the new words. advantage • agree • cooked • design • do • estimate • national • operate • understand • weight 4 Complete the text by adding the correct prefix to the word in bold. Colourful food packaging A 2015 survey by Public Health England showed that more than 25% of children between two and 15 were (a) weight or obese. This is a serious problem that we should not (b) estimate . Part of the problem is that (c) national food companies often make sweets, chocolates and fizzy drinks attractive to kids by having bright, colourful packaging. What’s worse, a 2019 survey by Action on Sugar found that 51% of food in packaging with cartoon characters was high in fat, sugar and salt. That could be particularly dangerous for younger children. Politicians want companies to (d) - operate with them. They would like them to (e) design their packaging and make it plain and less colourful. Some people (f ) agree with the politicians. They think they have (g) understood the problem because they believe kids will eat unhealthy food with or without different packaging. 5 Complete these questions with words containing prefixes from 2. 1 Eating out in restaurants is often a great experience. But what do you think are the possible ? 2 Do you ever eat meals or do you always eat freshly-prepared meals? 3 Do you like food? From which countries? Which dishes? Use it … don’t lose it!
b
c
d
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4 Look at this poster for an event next Saturday. How many sentences in the present continuous can you make about the event? The meeting is starting at 4 pm. They’re having the event at Wakefield College.
Look at each sentence. Identify which
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future form is used and why. 1 Next weekend I ’m visiting my grandparents. 2 When I leave school, I’ll study art at university. 3 Next term I ’m going to study English vocabulary for at least fifteen minutes every day. 4 On my next birthday I ’ll be fourteen. 5 I think a Spanish team will win the Champions League this year. 6 Tomorrow my first lesson is English. 7 I’m feeling quite hungry. I think I ’ll make myself a sandwich. 8 It looks like it ’s going to be sunny this afternoon. Use it … don’t lose it!
e
f
speaking Rewrite the sentences in 5 so they are true for you. Then compare sentences with a partner and ask questions about what they have written.
6
Ask and answer the questions in 5.
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Reach higher
page 137
Reach higher
page 137
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Unit 4
Unit 4
47
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