Grammar reference
Grammar test
2 Are these sentences correct or not? If not, correct them. 1 They shouldn’t to go out at the weekend. should , shouldn’t , ought to , ’d better 2 You would better walk to school. 3 I think you ought go to the dentist. 4 What should I say when I see her? 5 We’d better leave now if we want to arrive on time.
1 Rewrite these sentences with must , mustn’t , have to , don’t have to , can , can’t . 1 I haven’t got permission to go to the match. I . 2 It isn’t necessary for students to wear a uniform. Students . 3 Making a loud noise is prohibited. You . 4 It is obligatory to write your name here. You . 5 Copying is not allowed in exams. You . 6 It’s essential for me to leave now. I . 7 My little brother has permission to ride his bike alone. My little brother . must , mustn’t , have to , don’t have to , can , can’t
have to , don’t have to , must , mustn’t , can , can’t
should , shouldn’t , ought to , had (’d) better Affirmative You should/ought to/had better go. Negative You shouldn’t hand work in late. Question form Should I write it by hand? Short answers Yes, you should ./ No, you shouldn’t . We use should , shouldn’t , ought to , had (’d) better to give and ask for advice and recommendations. You ought to arrive on time. Zero, first and second conditionals Zero conditional If + present simple , … present simple First conditional If + present simple , … will + infinitive Second conditional If + past simple , … would/ wouldn’t + infinitive If can go at the start of the sentence or in the middle. If it goes at the start, we use a comma before the second half. We use the zero conditional for situations that are generally or always true. If you go to the US, you need a passport. We use the first conditional for possible and probable situations in the future, and their consequences. If you aren’t careful (possible future situation), you will have an accident (the consequence). We use the second conditional for imaginary or improbable situations and their consequences. The situations are in the present or future, NOT in the past. If I made films (imaginary present situation), I would live in Hollywood (the consequence). We use If I were/was you, I’d … , to give advice. unless Unless = if … not, except if The headteacher wouldn’t want to speak to me unless it was important (= if it wasn’t important.) We can use unless in any type of conditional sentence.
You have to go to school until you’re 18.
Affirmative
Negative You don’t have to go to school when you’re 21. Question form Do you have to go to school? Short answers Yes, I do ./ No, I don’t .
/ 5 points
Affirmative
You must listen to the teacher. You mustn’t (must not) cheat in exams.
Zero, first and second conditionals, unless
Negative
3 Put the verbs in the correct tense. 1 If I were you, I
You can use the computers here.
(tell) her the truth.
Affirmative
2 Leo
(buy) me a souvenir if he goes to
Negative You can’t (cannot) eat or drink here. We use have to to talk about things which are obligatory or necessary. It often describes obligations imposed on us by other people and authorities. You have to show your ID to enter the building. We have to wear a uniform at our school. We use don’t have to to talk about things which are not obligatory or necessary. Students don’t have to carry ID at school. We use must to talk about rules, regulations, and obligations. It often describes obligations that I must call my sister today. It’s her birthday. We use mustn’t to talk about prohibitions. You mustn’t enter without your ID. We use can to give permission and can’t to refuse permission. You can use the library, but you can’t eat there. We can’t park the car in front of the building, but we can park behind it. come internally, from ourselves. I must remember to take my ID.
Mexico.
3 What
you
(say) if I told
you I’m a superhero?
4 In her school, they (not give) you a prize unless you get over 90% in all your exams. 5 Connor wouldn’t be angry if you (ask) him for a favour. 6 If I (be) you, I would go to bed early tonight. 7 Where will your parents go on holiday if you (not go) with them? 8 Unless I (have to), I wouldn’t wear a tie.
/ 7 points
/ 8 points
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Vocabulary test
School and university subjects
1 In which school or university subject do you learn about … 1 the theories of Isaac Newton? 2 becoming a doctor? 3 TV, newspapers, radio? 4 designing and making buildings? 5 the legal system?
6 designing and building structures and machines? 7 theories about the meaning of life and knowledge?
Vocabulary
1 Study subjects architecture • a rt • biology • business studies • chemistry • citizenship • computing • design and technology • drama • engineering • English • geography • history • law • literature • marketing • maths • media studies • medicine • music • philosophy • physical education (PE) • physics • politics and international relations • psychology 2 Nouns connected with studying assessment • a ssignment • coursework • essay • excursion • extra-curricular activities • field trip • mark/grade • research • term • timetable
3 Verbs/phrases connected with studying catch up • fail an exam • fall behind • hand back • hand in • make an effort • make progress • pass an exam • pay attention • resit an exam • skip a lesson 4 Noun suffixes - er , - or , - ist , - ian , - ee direct or • e conom ist • electric ian • employ ee • employ er • instruct or • journal ist • librar ian • manag er • photograph er • physic ian • physic ist • politic ian • profess or • psycholog ist • research er • scient ist • technic ian • train ee • train er • translat or
/ 7 points
Words and phrases connected with school and studying
2 Write a simple explanation for each word or phrase. 1 catch up 2 skip a lesson 3 term 4 resit
5 assignment 6 timetable
7 mark
/ 7 points
3 Make nouns for people by adding the suffixes -er , -or , -ist , -ian , -ee. Add more than one prefix if you think it is possible. 1 scient 2 instruct 3 psycholog 4 train 5 econom 6 librar Noun suffixes -er , -or , -ist , -ian , -ee / 6 points
On-the-Go Practice
Total:
/ 40 points
68
69
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