P24
- Establishing the new pipelines to the boiler room - Asbestos removal in the boiler room by appointment with the customer - Dismantling of the steam installation, including heat exchanger, old water tanks and pipelines - Establishing of interim heat and hot water solutions when necessary - Establishing of the new water/water heat exchanger installation, including connections to the existing heat installation, as shown in diagram 1 - Insulation of the new installed components and pipelines - Connecting of automated electric components within the contract limit, as shown in diagram 1
By converting all steam customers, it is necessary to ensure an extra production capacity of 300 MW at the CHP plants in the greater Copenhagen area. To ensure this, reconstruction of a DHC plant for peak load demands and CHP plants for base load demands have been and are still going on. Due to supply safety for the remaining steam customers, it has been important to carefully plan the conversion process in a way, which ensures that the steam supply is running steady by keeping sufficient load on all the pipelines. However, by constantly converting steam customers, the load is reduced, making it an increasing challenge always to ensure a steady steam supply. When the steam supply is failing, it can have serious consequences as seen in photo 2, showing an accident caused by operating difficulties resulting in large leak of steam.
Diagram 1 - shows the standard HOFOR conversion
Photo 2 - Accident causing a leak of steam
If a customer wants a conversion at a time out of the schedule plan, it may also in most cases be possible. These conversions are called “Voluntary conversions”. By voluntary conversions HOFOR will, free of charge, supply the main components such as pipeline to the boiler room, water/water heat exchanger and hot water tank. The customer will then pay for the remaining components, connections, insulation and installation work. Typical prices for the conversion of a steam customer are calculated for budgetary purposes. These prices are shown in diagram 2. The prices are related to the heat exchanger power.
An important piece of the puzzle of terminating the steam supply system is therefore to make sure that at the end of the conversion project in 2021, there will be sufficient customer load to keep one CHP plant producing steam at minimum load. This will be made possible by installing large steam/water heat exchangers, also known as hybrids, in strategic areas of Copenhagen. For the moment, three large hybrids have been installed. The total capacity of these 3 hybrids is 23 MW heat. Minimum load for the power plant producing steamby the end of 2021 is approximately 30 MW. Therefore, it is necessary to identify one strategic place more for a fourth hybrid with an output power of 7 MW. The planning of this is going on right now. Conversion of the customers For the steam customers, a conversion in the DK21 project has close to zero economic impact. HOFOR is covering the costs for the piping all the way to the boiler room, including connections, for establishing a new heating system with a water/water heat exchanger. In the boiler room, the old steam installation is dismantled and the new heat exchanger system is mounted. Typically a new heat exchanger, a new hot water tank, regulating equipment and connecting pipelines are installed. If the customer wants to replace a circulating pump or connect the installation to an existing CTS-system this is partially paid by the customer. In some conversions, the customer wants to make a total renovation of the boiler room, replacing the floor, painting the walls etc. These expenses are all paid by the customer. Below is a list of typical installation work paid by HOFOR:
Diagram 2 - Budgetary installation prices
Conversion of a steam boiler room has no economical consequences for the customer regarding the house or building. The only work during a conversion project with influence on the outer wall is the dismantling of the steam and condensate pipelines. Dismantling leaves a hole in the outer wall. This hole is closed and also paid by HOFOR. The pipelines are cut off and sealed in the street, one meter from the outer wall. Other steam pipelines located within the customer’s property are also removed by HOFOR. If
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