B1 + Workbook with Digital Workbook
Anna Cole
Workbook with Digital Workbook B1+
Anna Cole
Contents
Vocabulary
Grammar
1
Personality profile p4
Physical appearance, Personality p4 Synonyms and partial synonyms p7
1 Present simple and present continuous, Adverbs of frequency p6 2 State and action verbs p8
2
Getting from ‘A’ to ‘B’ p12
Types of transport, Travel, Accommodation p12 Phrasal verbs connected with travel p15
1 Past simple, past continuous and past perfect p14 2 used to / would , be used to p16
Cumulative review Units 1–2
p20 and p21
On-the-Go Practice
3
Cityscapes p22
Houses and homes, Places in a city, Adjectives describing cities p22 Extreme adjectives p25
1 Present perfect simple and past simple, ever , never , for , since , yet , already , just p24 2 Present perfect simple and continuous p26 1 will , be going to , present continuous and present simple for the future p32 2 Future continuous and future perfect p34 1 Modals of obligation, prohibition, advice and permission p42 2 Zero, first and second conditionals, unless p44 1 The passive p50 2 have something done , Gerunds and infinitives p52
4
Feeding the planet p30
Food, Describing food, Meals p30 Prefixes p33
Cumulative review Units 3–4
p38 and p39
On-the-Go Practice
5
School rules p40
Study subjects, Nouns connected with studying, Verbs/phrases connected with studying p40 Noun suffixes p43 Everyday technology, Describing technology, Operating technology p48 Prepositional phrases with adjectives p51
6
Cool gadgets p48
Cumulative review Units 5–6
p56 and p57
On-the-Go Practice
7
In it to win it! p58
1 Defining relative clauses p60 2 Non-defining relative clauses, Quantifiers p62
Sports, Types of sport, Sports equipment, Things you can do with a ball, Sports venues p58 Phrasal verbs connected with sport p61 Artists, The visual arts, The performing arts p66 Adjectives ending in - ing and - ed p69
8
But is it art?! p66
1 Reported speech – Statements p68 2 Reported speech – Questions, commands and suggestions p70
Cumulative review Units 7–8
p74 and p75
On-the-Go Practice
9
National treasures p76
Countries and nations, Governments p76 Adjective suffixes p79
1 Modal verbs of speculation and deduction – Present and past p78 2 Third conditional p80
10
Shopping around p84
Shops, Shopping in store and online p84 Collocations with money p87
1 Indeterminate pronouns: some- , any- , no- , every- so and such p86 2 I wish and If only p88
Cumulative review Units 9–10
p92 and p93
On-the-Go Practice
2
Contents
Reading
Listening
Speaking
Writing
Exam trainer
Personality tests p7
Asking for and giving personal information p9
Describing people An informal email 1 p10
The art of good conversation, What your shoes say about you!, Are you a dog or a cat person? p5 Round the world on one wheel!, Geocaching – a different way to travel! p13
Paper 1: Reading Exam Parts 1–6: 3-option multiple choice, matching, 4-option multiple choice, gapped text, 4-option multiple choice cloze, open cloze p94
Travel habits p15
Asking for information p17
Writing about a weekend away A blog post p18
Describing photos 1 p27
Describing a place An informal email 2 p28
A phone conversation about studying abroad p25
Article about different guided tours in New York p23
Food and diet p33
Negotiating p35
Planting ideas for the future p31
Replying to informal invitations Replying to an email p36
Paper 2: Writing Exam Parts 1 and 2: an email, choice between an article or a story p99
Wake up to better learning! p41
A conversation about The BRIT school p43
Giving a presentation p45
Applying for a volunteer position
A formal letter of application p46
An article about technology p49
A radio programme about inventors p51
Comparing and contrasting photos p53
Teenagers should spend a week without their mobile phones A for-and-against essay p54
Paper 3: Listening Exam Parts 1–4: 3-option multiple choice, gap-fill p100
A debate p63
Get on your bike and ride! p59
Two people talking about sport p61
Unusual sports A magazine article p64
Who’s the artist? p67
A podcast about Banksy p69
Describing a past event p71
Writing a film review A film review for a magazine p72
Describing photos 2 p81
A radio programme about Jane Austen p79
Writing from a given first sentence A story p82
Singing the changes with national anthems p77
Paper 4: Speaking Exam Parts 1–4: giving factual or personal information, describing a photograph, negotiating an agreement, general discussion p102
In a shop p89
Shopping An opinion essay p90
Rethinking packaging p85
Conversations about shopping and money p87
Contents 3
Vocabulary in context PERSONALITY PROFILE 1
Physical appearance 1 Find 14 adjectives to describe physical appearance in the word search. G E D N O L B J G K S O C S T R O N G H V T R U Y T T E R P C K O G R N C U T E S W Q C E L I Z V W Y V A W K O Y A P N S P I K Y Y U D L T F G N O L Y X S C P B A L D I A E T Q B Y B L L A T D A R K Complete the sentences with the adjectives in the box. attractive • b ald • medium-height • medium-length • s tocky • s traight 1 Her hair’s nowadays. She used to have it short, but now it sits on her shoulders. 2 He’s short and , with broad shoulders and big bones. 3 I think Beyoncé has a beautiful face. She’s so . 4 I’m quite short, but I look with spiky hair and high-heeled shoes. 5 They’re so different. John’s got blonde, hair but his brother has dark, curly hair. 6 My dad isn’t completely , but he doesn’t have much hair. Personality 3 Choose the correct alternative. 1 Susie’s very arrogant/bossy . She always knows best and never listens to anyone’s advice. 2 Jan’s sensitive/sensible and he rarely loses his calm in stressful situations. 3 Sam’s over six-foot tall and very well-built/ stocky . 2 4 I need someone I can really trust to do the job and I’m not sure if he’s reliable/ affectionate enough. 5 It was very generous/loyal of him to lend her so much money. 6 Harry gets very determined/impatient when people don’t agree with him.
Complete the article with the words in the box. confident • d etermined • e nergetic • generous • loyal • optimistic • p atient • reliable • sensitive • shy • s trong
4
Amazing race – amazing personalities!
The Amazing Race® is a reality TV game show where 12 teams of two people race around the world for a $1 million prize. Some (a) viewers watch it every week! There have been more than 30 seasons so far, but there are always similar personality types. Husband and wife Meredith and Gretchen are an older couple. They’re aren’t as physically (b) as other younger competitors, but they’re (c) – you can depend on them to do what they say. Mums Linda and Karen are very (d) – they keep positive even when things go wrong! Rachel and Elissa are sisters. Rachel’s (e) in her abilities because she’s the winner of two reality shows! She’s (f ) to win, but she’s not arrogant. Cousins Leo and Jamal work well together, but Jamal says Leo is very (g) and doesn’t like it when he is criticised. Friends Corinne and Eliza are very (h) , they are always looking for fun activities. Racers aren’t usually (i) – they’re outgoing and love meeting people. They spend hours waiting at airports and stations, so they’re ( j) , too. Most of all they’re competitive – don’t expect them to be (k) with
their time to help other racers. Do you think all reality TV shows have these personality types?
Vocabulary extension
5 Match the words (1–6) to their opposite meanings (a–f ).
1 talkative 2 outgoing 3 arrogant 4 generous 5 cheerful 6 nervous
a confident b modest c quiet d sad e selfish f shy
Antonyms – words with opposite meanings Remember words can have more than one antonym, e.g. the opposite for shy could be confident or talkative . Noting antonyms can improve your vocabulary. You can often make antonyms by adding a prefix, e.g. unreliable or impatient . Great students’ tip
4
Unit 1
Reading
1 Look at photos (a–c) and match them to the titles of the articles (1–3). Then read the articles and check your answers. 2
01 Read the text again. Are the sentences True (T) or False (F)? 1 A Harvard University study suggests someone asking more questions about you makes you more likely to have a positive impression of them. 2 According to the research at Duke University, outgoing people are more likeable because they talk more.
a
b
c
T / F
T / F
3 A University of Kansas study found a correlation between shoes and how much we like people. T / F 4 People like you more if your shoes cost a lot. T / F 5 It is not clear what type of person usually wears colourful shoes. T / F 6 The University of Texas found that cat people are less affectionate. T / F 7 According to the study, dog people prefer meeting and talking to people. T / F 8 Some people did not see themselves as either dog or cat people. T / F 3 Match the underlined words in the articles with the definitions. 1 prefer to do things by yourself, free 2 reacting quickly, in a positive way 3 something that shows what condition something is in 4 worried because you think something bad can happen 5 cheap enough for ordinary people to afford 6 appropriate Critical thinkers 4 Choose the correct answers. 1 We find people more likeable when they copy our body language because it shows … a that they understand us. b that they don’t know what to do. 2 Old, worn-out shoes are worn by outgoing people because they … a generally don’t earn as much as less confident people. b probably think there are more important things than shoes. 3 People may have similar personalities to their pets because … a they choose a pet that likes the same sort of lifestyle as they do. b we always choose to be with people/ animals who are exactly like us.
Are you a dog or a cat person? Do ‘dog people’ and ‘cat people’ have different personalities? In a study at the University of Texas, 4,565 participants were asked to say if they were ‘dog’ or ‘cat’ people and answer a personality quiz. The study found that cat people are independent, artistic and curious. They are also sensitive – a cat person needs a lot of affection– and they are sometimes anxious. The study said that dog people are energetic, outgoing and likeable. Were there more dog people than cat people? Twelve percent said they were cat people, 46% said they were dog people, and 28% of those asked said they were dog and cat people. Fifteen percent of those asked said they were neither dog nor cat people. So, what personality type are they? 3 good indicator of a person’s personality? In a University of Kansas study, 63 students looked at a total of 208 photos of shoes to assess the personality characteristics of the shoe owners. They thought that old, worn-out shoes were worn by outgoing people. They also felt likeable people wear sensible, affordable shoes. People who wear expensive shoes, branded shoes or shoes with pointed toes were considered less likeable. However, although participants accurately guessed 90% of the personality traits, they made mistakes. Attractive, well-kept shoes were associated with hard-working people, but this was not always the case. In addition, colourful, bright shoes didn’t always belong to outgoing people. So what kind of shoes are you wearing right now? What your shoes say about you! Shoes can help give a first impression, but are they a What makes a good conversation? In an experiment at Harvard University, people in pairs were told to get to know each other by interacting for fifteen minutes through a chatting app. One person in each pair was told to focus on asking questions: either many questions (at least nine) or few (not more than four). Participants never saw each other. After the conversation they had to report how much they liked their partner. The results proved that partners who asked more questions were more popular. These partners were perceived as more responsive. In another study published in 2015, Duke University researchers Korrina Duffy and Tanya Chartrand found that outgoing people were more likeable when they copied other people’s body language. So, if you want more friends, ask lots of relevant questions and try to read your partner’s feelings by studying their movements! The art of good conversation 1
2
Unit 1
5
Grammar in context 1
Present simple and present continuous 1 Complete the table with the time expressions associated with these tenses. always • a t the moment • e very day • n ever • occasionally • o ften • o nce a week • rarely • right now • s ometimes • this week • today • u sually
Adverbs of frequency 4
Rewrite the sentences using the adverbs of frequency and the correct form of the verb. always • never • o ften • rarely 1 They visit their grandmother once every two years. They their grandmother. 2 Yusuf is at school by 9 o’clock from Monday to Friday. Yusuf at school by 9 o’clock every weekday. 3 How often do I speak to Omar? He doesn’t call me at all! I to Omar. 4 Luisa goes to the cinema five times a month. Luisa to the cinema. 5 Complete the text with the present simple or present continuous form of the verbs given and the adverbs. Grammar challenge local pool at the moment. I (b) (usually not work) in the school holidays, but this year I need to earn some extra money. On a typical day, I (c) (wake up) at 7.30 and (d) (get) to work at 9.00. I (e) (usually finish) at about 17.00. For this week only, I (f) (finish) later than usual because I (g) (give) swimming classes to my neighbour’s children. The main responsibilities of the job are to make sure that people (h) (always follow) the rules. Of course, you also (i) (need) to be prepared for an emergency. To be a lifeguard, you need to be a very sensible and reliable person. It ( j) (help) if you are quite outgoing, too. Gradually, I (k) (get) to know lots of new people frommy area. One negative thing is that it (l) (sometimes get) a bit boring during lunch hours, when no one is there. Also, I (m) (always repeat) the same thing every day: ‘Don’t run by the pool!’, ‘Don’t push!’, etc. which can be hard. With the money that I (n) (earn) right now, I plan to buy tickets to a concert for me and my friend. She (o) (not know) as it is a surprise for her birthday. A day in the life of a Teenage lifeguard I (a) (work) as a lifeguard at our
Present simple
Present continuous
Choose the correct alternative. 1 Right now I feed/’m feeding my cat.
2
2 How often do you use/are you using your phone? 3 My sister isn’t working/doesn’t work at the moment. 4 Social media becomes/is becoming more and more a part of everyday life. 5 The earth is moving/moves round the sun. 6 I use/’m using this phone while my other one is being repaired. 7 At the moment, he writes/’s writing an essay about Ancient Egypt. 8 Personality tests are a waste of time. People change/are always changing their mind! Put the words in order to make sentences in the present simple or the present continuous. 1 cat / and / don’t / Abel / watch / I / videos / .
3
2 for / making / today / What / you / lunch / are / ?
3 reading / right / you / about / Are / now / personality / article / that / ?
4 travelling / is / but / year / around / She / lives / in / the / UK / she / the / world / this / .
5 lot / moment / That / at / getting / a / the / YouTuber / of / attention / is / .
6 once / grandparents / a / my / visit / week / I / .
7 cousin / so / at / being / My / bossy / moment / is / the / .
6
Unit 1
Developing vocabulary and listening
Synonyms and partial synonyms 1 Look at these partial synonyms. In each list, find the adjective that is incorrect. 1 attractive – pretty, handsome, bright
02 Listen to five people talking about personality tests. Do they agree that personality tests are good at identifying personality? Speaker 1 Agree / Disagree / Partly agree Speaker 2 Agree / Disagree / Partly agree Speaker 3 Agree / Disagree / Partly agree Speaker 4 Agree / Disagree / Partly agree Speaker 5 Agree / Disagree / Partly agree
4
2 thin – short, slim, underweight 3 happy – glad, generous, cheerful 4 friendly – sociable, cute, outgoing 5 relaxed – easy-going, calm, friendly 6 lively – energetic, active, well-built
02 Listen again and identify the speaker.
5
Which speaker (1 – 5) thinks that … 1 personality tests aren’t written by scientists or psychologists? 2 personality tests can help you make important decisions in life? 3 our personality types can change depending on our mood? 4 people sometimes don’t tell the truth if they are doing a personality test for a job? 5 personality tests become more valid as more people do them? Critical thinkers 6 Which three of these ideas are expressed in the listening activity? 1 You should be a psychologist or a scientist to write personality tests. 2 Results from personality tests are very useful for online marketing companies. 3 All personality tests are free. 4 Many companies use personality tests to decide who to employ. 5 Millions of people do online tests every year.
Complete the sentences with the words in the box. blonde • elderly • fair • kind • old • slim • thin 1 She does a lot of sport so she’s strong and . 2 I know I’m getting , but I feel as young as ever! 3 Fashion models in the past were often very , but now many fashion companies use models with lots of different body types. 4 Suki is a girl who always thinks about other’s feelings. 5 Her hair’s like a golden sun. 6 I’m 74 years old but I don’t like the word ‘ ’. I prefer senior citizen or older adult. 7 I think he’s – he’s got light-coloured hair. Using partial synonyms It’s important to know that partial synonyms are not entirely interchangeable. There are small differences in meaning or in the contexts where they can be used. If you learn how partial synonyms differ in meaning, you can express your ideas more effectively. Great students’ tip
2
Vocabulary extension
7 Match the adjectives to their two different meanings. Adjective Meaning 1 Meaning 2 loud light/colourful intelligent funny difficult well-dressed smart it makes you laugh not soft bright noisy very bright colours or design hard clever strange
Choose the correct alternative. 1 Wow! What a tie! Some people would think it’s a bit smart/loud , but I love bright colours! 2 The company uses tests to identify the brightest/hardest people to employ. 3 It’s hard/smart to know when you’re joking. 4 He has to wear a smart/funny suit to his brother’s graduation ceremony.
8
Which three words don’t you expect to hear in a listening activity about personality tests? accurate • good-looking • plain • realistic • scientific • s tocky • u nreliable • valid
3
Unit 1
7
State and action verbs 1 Match the halves to make sentences. 1 The lemon cake tastes … 2 Her shoes feel … Grammar in context 2
Complete the sentences with the correct
5
form of the verbs given. 1 Angelina is outside. She flowers in the garden.
(smell) the
2 I
(think) about buying a new phone.
3 The coffee smells … 4 The snake looks … 5 This jacket feels … 6 That music sounds … a wet, but it’s all I’ve got. b better than it tastes! c fantastic. Who’s playing?
3 This soup 4 Matteo
(taste) delicious. What’s in it? (look) very handsome in that
jacket. 5 Don’t worry. I won’t eat all the pizza! I (taste) it, that’s all. 6 Sienna tomatoes for my salad at the moment. 8 That gold ring 7 The shop assistant 6 Complete the text with the correct form of the verbs given. Grammar challenge More ZAC KARA – a teenager with many talents! (have) a shower right now. (weigh) the Blog Latest posts
d delicious and everyone’s enjoying it. e uncomfortable, but they are very smart. f frightening, but it isn’t dangerous.
(belong) to my mother.
Underline the verbs: red for state, blue for action, green for both. appear • b e • believe • belong • b reak • b uy • call • feel • h ate • h ave • h ear • jump • know • like • listen • look • love • mean • need • open • o wn • p lay • prefer • remember • see • seem • smell • s ound • s wim • taste • think • understand • want • w ear • w eigh • write
2
Decide if the verbs are states or actions and
3
choose the correct alternative. 1 Your sister looks/is looking like you.
2 Can you be quiet? I talk/’m talking on the phone. 3 You wear/’re wearing your favourite jumper today. 4 Does she know/Is she knowing what time it is? 5 I speak/’m speaking four languages. 6 I ’ve got/am having a terrible headache today. 7 Do you prefer/Are you preferring long or short hair?
Today, I (a) (watch) a YouTube™ interview with Zac Kara – a teenage celebrity chef, tennis player and actor. He was a MasterChef Junior® semifinalist and, right now, he (b) (have) breakfast. There are lots of fresh ingredients and it (c) (look) delicious! He (d) (need) a good breakfast because today he’s cooking, playing tennis and filming his YouTube video series, Cooking with Zac . He (e) (work) on a new YouTube cooking (want) to get teenagers into the kitchen to make food that (g) (taste) good and is really healthy. In an interview with The Undefeated , a sports and popular culture website, he (h) show right now. He (f) (explain) how the cooking show and playing tennis complement each other. The article (i) (report) that filming the show ( j) (help) him learn to control his nerves in competitions. In his free time he (k) (do) typical teenage things. He (l) (enjoy) listening
Complete the sentences with the correct form
4
of the verbs in the box. feel (x2) • h ave (x2) • look (x2) • think (x2) 1 Simon
that new computer game.
The graphics are amazing!
2 Gemma
sick today so isn’t at school.
3 Your puppy
so cute in this photo.
4 The water in the pool
cold when you
first jump in.
5 James 6 What 7 We’re
really tired today. Is he OK?
you
of this movie?
lunch at the moment. Can we
call you back? 8 You look worried.
to music, he (m) and he (n) his friends. He (o) nice person.
(love) video games (spend) a lot of time with (seem) like a really
you
about the exams tomorrow?
8
Unit 1
Developing speaking
Asking for and giving personal information 1 Read the dialogue and put the phrases (a–h) in the correct place. Toni: Hello, my name’s Toni. You’re Paco, aren’t you? Paco: (1) Toni: I’m Maria’s friend. Paco: (2) Toni: You’re really good at hockey, aren’t you? That’s what Maria said. Paco: (3) Toni: Neither am I! You can play an instrument too, can’t you? Paco: (4) Toni: Great! We can play a game later. What are your other hobbies then? Paco: (5) Toni: Really? What type of films do you like watching? Paco: (6) Toni: Now I remember! You act, don’t you? Paco: (7) Toni: Yes, there is. Do you know Alex Clarke? He can tell you all about it. Paco: (8) a Really? Well, I play a little, but I’m not mad about it. b Well, I’m really into films. c Yeah, I do! You don’t know if there’s a theatre club at school, do you? d Oh yes. I remember now – she said that you’d be here today. e No, I don’t. You don’t have his number, do you? f I’m keen on all types, but my favourite genre’s comedy. g Yes, I am. How did you know? h Yeah – guitar. But what I really love is table tennis.
Match the question tags (a–f ) with the
4
sentences (1–6). 1 This film’s really frightening, 2 They can speak four languages, 3 He’s playing table tennis, 4 There are lots of people at this party, 5 He’s got fair hair, 6 You don’t enjoy parties,
a do you? b can’t they? c isn’t he? d hasn’t he? e isn’t it? f aren’t there?
Write question tags for these statements.
5
1 She can speak Japanese, 2 They’re not leaving now,
? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?
3 He likes dancing, 4 You’re hungry,
5 We haven’t got our maths books,
6 This series is great,
7 They speak German and French, 8 He’s visiting the Louvre Museum,
Put the words in order to make questions, then add the appropriate question tags. 1 favourite / Her / running / activity / physical / is / ? 2 tennis / loves / Toby / table / playing / ? 3 well / play / can’t / the / very / Amara / piano / ? 4 are / They / on / quite / judo / keen / ? 5 cool / Your / a / car / very / got / sister / hasn’t / ?
6
03 Listen and check your answers.
2
04 Listen and identify the type of question tag. Are questions 1–6 Confirmation questions (C) (intonation goes down) or Real questions (R) (intonation goes up)? 1 You’re Paco, aren’t you? C / R 2 You’re really good at hockey, aren’t you? C / R 3 You can play an instrument too, can’t you? C / R 4 You act, don’t you? C / R 5 You don’t know if there’s a theatre club at school, do you? C / R 6 You don’t have his number, do you? C / R Pronunciation
3
Write questions for these answers using tag
7
questions.
No, I’m not. I’m her twin sister.
My sister does. I don’t enjoy many sports, but I love ice skating.
Yes I do. I play every Saturday.
Practise saying the questions. If possible,
8
record yourself.
Unit 1
9
Developing writing
An informal email 1
From: Angie
To: Jane
Thank the person for their last email and refer to it. Explain that there is an attachment.
Begin the letter with a friendly opening greeting. Ask how the person is.
Subject: Nice to meet you! Hi Jane,
How are things? Thanks for your email. It’s great to hear from my new e-pal! Today I’m sending you a photo of me and my dog. I took it in my garden. Well, let me tell you about my favourite physical activities. I’m keen on basketball and skateboarding, too. I’m preparing for a competition, so I’m skateboarding a lot right now. I also go running with my dog. He’s always playing with my shoes! It sounds annoying, but he’s very cute really. I’m an easy-going person and I’m rarely serious. What about you? As you can see in the photo, I’ve got long, straight hair. I’m thinking about changing my hairstyle, but I’m not sure. What do you think? Anyway, what else can I tell you about myself? Well, my hobby is drawing. My friends say I’m really good at it! I get average marks at school, except in art. Another thing is I don’t enjoy video games. I prefer spending
Use linkers to connect ideas.
Use an informal closing phrase.
Make a reference for future contact.
my time outdoors! Write back soon! Bye for now, Angie
Sign off with your first name.
Look at this informal email and choose the correct answer. 1 Who is Angie writing to? a her sister b an online friend c her hairdresser 2 What doesn’t Angie talk about in the email? a her appearance b her hobbies c her family 3 What does Angie want Jane to do? a write back b meet her c come to her skateboarding competition
Choose the two informal phrases in each group. 1 Hi there! / Hello Jane, / Dear Sir or Madam, 2 How’s things? / I hope you are feeling well. / How are you doing? 3 Moreover, / Anyway, / By the way, 4 Write soon! / I look forward to hearing from you soon. / Don’t forget to write! 5 That’s all for now! / Bye for now, / Yours sincerely,
1
3
Find sentences in the email to match
4
descriptions 1–6. 1 thank someone for their last email
2 say you enjoyed hearing from someone
Read the email again. Are the sentences
2
3 refer to a photo
True (T) or False (F)? 1 Angie’s attaching a photo of her family and friends.
4 introduce a description of some of your favourite activities
T / F T / F T / F T / F
2 She thinks her dog is annoying. 3 She says she is a relaxed person.
5 introduce a description of your hobbies
4 She enjoys gaming.
6 make a reference to the next email
10
Unit 1
Task Write an email describing your appearance, personality, favourite physical activities and hobbies. Write around 170 words. Prepare 5 Write notes about the information you want to include.
Favourite physical activities:
Writing bank Useful words and expressions in informal emails Begin with Dear or Hi and the person’s name. Your first sentences can be Thanks for your (last) email and/or It was great to hear from you. Use contractions (e.g. I’m or it’s/hair’s/don’t. ) Use short forms of words (e.g. Thanks instead of Thank you ). Use interjections like Well or Oh . Use exclamation marks (e.g. My parents are having a great time !) Use Anyway to change the subject. Use Write back soon , All the best and/or Love to end.
Appearance and personality:
Hobbies:
6 Use this paragraph plan to help you organise your email. Opening: Say hello Paragraph 1: Introduction and reason for writing
Paragraph 2: Describe your favourite physical activities Paragraph 3: Describe your appearance and personality Paragraph 4: Describe your hobbies Ending: Refer to the future; say goodbye Write 7 Write your informal email. Use your notes, the paragraph plan, the writing model on the opposite page and the Writing bank below to help you.
Check 8 Read your informal email and complete the checklist. 1 I used informal language. 2 I referred to a previous email. 3 I organised my email into paragraphs. 4 I used linkers to associate ideas.
5 I included relevant and interesting vocabulary. 6 I finished with a reference to the future.
Unit 1
11
Vocabulary in context GETTING FROM ‘A’ TO ‘B’ 2
Types of transport
Accommodation 3
Complete the article with the words in the box.
apartment • bed and breakfast • c ampsite • caravan • homestay • h ostels • motel • tent
B LOG
Today we’re looking at tips that a professional travel blogger – ARCH I VE S TOP TRAVEL TIPS ABOUT NEW POS T S
Complete the sentences with the words in the box. cable car • cruise ship • ferries • hot-air balloon • skateboards • trucks • underground • vans 1 If you’re frightened of heights, going up in a isn’t for you. But if you’re not, try it to get fantastic views flying above the Sahara desert. 2 London has the oldest system in the world. It carries up to five million passengers a day. It’s also known as the Tube. 3 The Emirates Air Line is the first urban in the UK. It’s an easy way to cross the River Thames in London and you get fantastic views of the city. 4 Every year, the Staten Island in New
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Monica Stott from her blog The Travel Hack – gives on accommodation while travelling. Monica says that (a) are a great option because they can be very cheap – especially if you’re sharing a room with up to 20 people. She says they can be more interesting than a low-price hotel or a basic room in a roadside (b) . However, if you are travelling in a group and you have a bit more money to spend, Monica recommends renting a large (c) . She says it’s cheaper than a luxury hotel and you get the extra space, with a living room and the flexibility of a kitchen. If you’re travelling in Asia, she recommends guesthouses, which are small and budget-friendly. A morning meal is often included in the price so it’s like staying at a (d) . For the best local experience, however, Monica recommends in her blog that travellers stay at a (e) , where you live in the house of a local family and get a real feel for the local culture. Monica is based in Wales and she says her favourite holiday destination is Abersoch on the Llyn Peninsula in Wales. Her family has a (f ) there, where they stay most weekends. The (g) is next to the beach and they go there to fish, swim or snorkel in the sea. In fact, Monica has such fun travelling, she sometimes puts up a (h) in her own garden and enjoys camping at home! 4 Complete the sentences with the words in the box. boarding pass • e xcess • guidebook • passport control • timetable 1 Make sure you have a so you know what to see and do in the city. 2 His suitcase was heavier than he was allowed so he had to pay the . 3 We planned our journeys by train using a European train . 4 At the airport, you have to go through . 5 When travelling with most airlines, you can download an electronic to your phone. Vocabulary extension
York provide a service for 22 million people. Tourists also ride on these to see the harbour and sail past the Statue of Liberty. 5 Lorries (or in American English) transport large amounts of cargo, but are used by smaller businesses to transport goods. 6 People don’t often think are a type of transport. However, in Los Angeles, riders use them 30,000 times a day to get to and from bus stops and train stations. 7 Symphony of the Seas is an 18-deck . It has 23 restaurants, 25 swimming pools and the world’s tallest water slide at sea. Travel 2 Choose the correct alternative. 1 Look for a sign with your name on it in the arrivals/ departures area. The driver will take you to your hotel. 2 Children aged 5–16 pay about half of the adult fare/ single and under-fives travel free. 3 It’s a good idea to buy travel insurance in case you miss/delay your flight. 4 If you leave something on a train, ask for it at the lost property office/taxi rank . 5 Keep looking at the information screens/platform to check when to board the plane. 6 Our flight was cancelled/delayed for three hours because of mechanical problems.
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Unit 2
Reading
3 Match the underlined words in the articles with the definitions. 1 started enjoying
Predicting content Look at pictures and titles to help you think about the topic of the text and predict some of the ideas and vocabulary in it. This will help you understand more when you start reading. Great students’ tip 1 Look at the photos and the titles of the articles. What do you think is the topic of the articles? Read the articles quickly to check. a Summer holiday fun b New ways to travel in Europe c Teenagers’ unusual travel experiences
2 a blog that contains mainly video 3 a pair of bags fitted to a bicycle and used for carrying things 4 produced for an important event to help you remember it
5 at risk, unprotected 6 uncontrolled, violent Critical thinkers
4 On a long trip by bike, are these factors an advantage (A), a disadvantage (D) or both (B)? 1 Effect of weather
05 Read the articles. Decide if each sentence talks about Ed (E), Radu (R) or both (B). 1 He cycled across Europe. E / R / B 2 He camped most of the time. E / R / B 3 He had a serious delay at one point in his trip. E / R / B 4 It was the first time someone had done this kind of trip. E / R / B 5 He slept one night in an unusual place. E / R / B 6 He posted his adventures on social media. E / R / B 7 He spent more than one year travelling. E / R / B 8 His trip involved finding hidden items. E / R / B
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A / D / B A / D / B A / D / B A / D / B A / D / B A / D / B
2 Risk of accident/injury 3 Freedom to go anywhere 4 Effect on environment
5 Cost
6 Freedom to stay anywhere
7 Risk of losing bike A / D / B 8 Transporting everything on the bike A / D / B
When Radu Clapa set off from Denmark on a 7,800 km bike tour, he was also going geocaching. Geocaching is an outdoor activity where people use an app and a GPS device to find boxes (called geocaches) in secret locations. He first got into geocaching in 2014 and he had always loved cycling, so he decided to connect both things and planned a tour across 16 European countries. He sold commemorative Geocoins for ten euros each and two companies helped to pay for his trip. His journey was going as he had expected until his bike broke after 6,800 km. Luckily, he found a bike shop where a mechanic fixed the problem and gave him a place to sleep. He carried camping equipment on his bike, but he stayed with other geocachers on his journey whenever he could. He posted his fun experiences on Facebook® as he travelled, such as one night when he had to sleep at a bus stop! Five months later he completed his incredible tour. Geocaching – a different way to travel!
ROUND THE WORLD ON ONE WHEEL!
When he was 19, Ed Pratt began his epic 33,000 km journey, setting off from the UK to ride across Europe, East Asia, Australia, New Zealand and the US – on only one wheel! When Ed left school, he knew that he didn’t want to go to university. He had unicycled since he was 16, after discovering a bike in his friend’s garage. He had read that no one had unicycled around the world before and he wanted to be the first to do that.
Ed’s grandfather had designed two special panniers on the front and back of the unicycle and Ed carried his luggage in these – including a tent, a sleeping bag and a cooking stove. Along the way, Ed managed to raise £300,000 for the charity School in a Bag, which provides education equipment for poor and vulnerable children. Ed had planned for a two-year trip, but, in the end, it took him three years and four months. Only eight months into his journey, Ed spent six months in Kazakhstan after he was almost hit by a car on icy roads. During his trip, he made an amazing vlog where he described the physical and mental challenges of riding a unicycle and told stories about his trip. He said he had pushed his unicycle 50 miles on foot on a desert road and had had a dangerous wild dog outside his tent in Australia. Maybe his next adventure will be on two wheels!
Unit 2 13
Grammar in context 1
Past simple, past continuous and past perfect 1 Match the halves to make sentences.
Complete the sentences with the past simple, past continuous or past perfect form of the verbs given. 1 When he (begin) his journey, he (never be) outside Europe. 2 As she (get on) the train, she (see) her luggage on the platform. 3 While Ed (travel), he (post) videos on his vlog every day. 4 By the time they (land) in New York, they (watch) three films. 5 She (not have) a tent because she (lend) it to her best friend the week before. 5 Complete the article with the words in the box. as • b een • c an • decided • filmed • for • had • h as • have • in • is • w as Grammar challenge TAKEONLYPHOTOS, LEAVEONLY FOOTPRINTS.
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1 Matt was riding his unicycle … 2 Josefina missed her stop … 3 Had he spoken to friends … 4 While Tony was looking for the tickets, …
5 When I heard the phone ring … 6 The sun was shining yesterday … 7 They caught a plane home … 8 Had you planned for months … a as soon as they heard the news. b I answered it.
c before you went on the trip? d when he had an accident. e because she had fallen asleep on the train. f I was looking for our passports. g so I went skateboarding in the park. h before he went on the tour? Choose the correct alternative. 1 Did you already learn/Had you already learnt to ride a unicycle before you left/were leaving school? 2 The roads were/had been dangerous because it had snowed/snowed the night before. 3 She never visited/had never visited Australia before so she was feeling/had felt nervous. 4 They stopped/were stopping him from getting on the plane because he had lost/lost his boarding pass. 5 He wasn’t/hadn’t been tired because he’d had/ he was having a good sleep the night before. 6 He found/was finding the geocache while he climbed/was climbing a tree. Put the words in order to make sentences. 1 first / years / The / he / time / unicycling / he / old / 14 / tried / was / .
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OH, AND DON’T GEOTAG!
Social media – Instagram® in particular – (a) influencing where we go on holiday and what we see and do when we travel. This is good news for the travel industry, for sure, but it creates overtourism around the world. After Justin Bieber (c) a music video in a canyon in Iceland, the location received twice (d) many visitors as usual, so Iceland’s Environmental Agency (e) to close it for months. Daffodil Hill, in Volcano, California, is famous for its fields of yellow and white daffodils and it makes a great profile picture. The Ryan family, who own it, (f) shared their beautiful flowers with the public for free (g) over 80 years. However, in early July 2019, they (h) to close it, when one day thousands of visitors queued for hours to park their cars. The volume of visitors had (i) too high and they needed space to safely accommodate everyone. So, what is the solution? Many experts say the real problem ( j) the geotag feature on Instagram, which shows the site of the photo on a map. When a particular photo goes viral, it (k) result in thousands of people showing up exactly where it (l) taken, an increasingly important role (b) all wanting a selfie with the same view. So, next time you go on a trip, geotag a place that needs visitors!
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2 on / hadn’t / He / tour / a / he / the / ridden / before / unicycle / went / .
3 book / I / train / for / While / waiting / the / I / read / my / was / .
4 switched / the / When / they / on / heard / the / they / news / TV / .
5 the / station / left / already / the / time / By / he / the / had / train / got / to / .
6 sleeping / was / As / tent / dog / a / his / he / outside / dangerous / was / .
14
Unit 2
Developing vocabulary and listening
Phrasal verbs connected with travel
06 Listen again and choose the correct answer. 1 The woman … a didn’t use to worry about how planes affected the planet. b used to travel with her daughter. c travelled first-class on holiday. 2 The woman decided to change because … a low-cost flights are less expensive. b of the effect of travel on the environment. c her daughter got very angry. 3 Low-cost airlines are better for the planet because … a they fly direct. b more people travel on one plane. c they use less energy. 4 According to the man, his holidays are … a not very exciting, but they are eco-friendly. b now about enjoying the experience of travelling. c better since he started driving around Europe. 5 He prefers … a longer holidays in one place. b to get away as often as possible on weekend breaks. c to spend three weeks in different cities. 6 The man … a posts his travel photos on social media. b didn’t feel relaxed after city breaks. c doesn’t take as many photos as he used to. Critical thinkers 4 Research eco-friendly types of transport online. Order these forms of transport from most to least eco-friendly. flights with stopovers on low-cost airlines car
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Great students’ tip
Remembering phrasal verbs Using phrasal verbs in informal texts and spoken language will make your English sound more natural and fluent. Learning them in topic groups (e.g. travel) can make them easier to remember. Read the clues and complete the puzzle with the correct form of the phrasal verbs given. break down • c heck in • g et away • g et back • get in • g et into • g et on • set off • take off
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1
2
3
4
5
6
7
Across 1 It was lucky the flight arrived on time because the weather suddenly got worse. 4 We helped my elderly grandmother to enter the car. 7 Sue showed her ticket to an official and went through departures without a delay. Down 1 She didn’t know how she was going to return from New York. 2 The train stopped working in the middle of the station and we were delayed for hours. 3 Julie was boarding the train when she fell. 4 We packed and drove to France to go somewhere different for the weekend. 5 The passengers felt frightened as the plane started to fly in the storm. 6 Greta Thunberg started her voyage from Plymouth on 14 th August. 06 Listen to two people talking about their changing travel habits. Answer the questions. 1 How did they travel in the past?
train, bus and coach walking and cycling direct flights on low-cost airlines
Vocabulary extension
5 Complete the sentences with the phrasal verbs in the box.
get across • g et around • g et around to • get down • get on with • get through to 1 It’s easy to London on the Tube. 2 Use Tower Bridge to the river. 3 They didn’t visiting the National Gallery, but they saw everything else. 4 I phoned the consulate, but I couldn’t the right person. 5 My sister’s great fun – we really each other. 6 The luggage rack was high and I couldn’t my bags .
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Speaker 1: Speaker 2: 2 How do they travel now?
Speaker 1: Speaker 2:
Unit 2 15
Grammar in context 2
used to / would 1
Rewrite the sentences using the words given. Do not change the meaning. 1 When Rachel was a teenager, she played a lot of sport. (used) Rachel a lot of sport when she was a teenager. 2 Ed spent hours riding a unicycle when he was a teenager. (would) Ed riding a unicycle when he was a teenager 3 At 12, he was really shy, but now he is outgoing. (didn’t) He as outgoing as he is now. 4 He still feels strange going to work by motorbike. (used) He still to work by motorbike. 5 It’s less common for people to write letters nowadays. (writing) People letters nowadays. 6 There wasn’t a train station in my village before. (be) There a train station in my village before. 7 Flying is normal for her now. (used) She now.
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Look at these sentences and decide if we can use the past simple, used to or would . Choose the correct alternative(s). For two sentences, all three options are correct. 1 When we were young, we would stay/used to stay/ stayed at the same hotel every year. 2 Karl would often cycle/often used to cycle/often cycled to school. 3 Where would you live/did you use to live/did you live before you moved here? 4 I would never like/never used to like/never liked taking the bus to school. 5 Would you have/Did you use to have/Did you have curly hair when you were a child? 6 There didn’t use to be/weren’t/wouldn’t be so many cyclists in the park before. be used to 2 Complete these sentences with be used to to say if things are familiar ( ) or not familiar ( ). 1 I ’m not used to changing (change) trains so many times. 2 He travels a lot so he (have) delays and waiting around. 3 (you get up) at seven in the morning? It’s not that bad! 4 She (go) to school by cable car. 5 She’s been here for a year, but she still (live) in France. 6 They (book) flights so it doesn’t take them long.
5 Complete the text. Write one word in each gap. Grammar challenge
Family
Education
Travel
More
Travel unplugged! In a recent post on her travel blog, Travelgal Nicole , American Nicole LaBarge writes about travelling twenty years ago and compares it to today. Two decades ago, she (a) to plan her trips through a travel agent. She (b) use to do much research on where she (c) going and she (d) buy a guidebook, either. She (e) used to using the Internet back then. When she arrived at a new city she (f) immediately look for a post office to buy stamps for her postcards. When she arrived for the first time in Paris, she (g) planned anything in detail. Of course, she (h) heard of the Eiffel Tower, but she enjoyed getting lost in the city and discovering new places. She met many friends in hostels because people would hang out together and swap stories. She thinks travellers (i) too busy posting their travel experiences on their smartphones ( j) talk to each other nowadays!
Correct the mistakes in the sentences. 1 When we were younger, my brother and I used to getting on really well.
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2 As a young child, I would live in many different countries.
3 Until the 1950s, people wouldn’t own a car in America.
4 At the age of 16, he used to win a prize for his travel documentary.
5 I never would like having short hair when I was little.
6 Did you used to get on the bus at the stop outside school?
7 He’s still getting used to edit his vlog on his new computer.
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Unit 2
Developing speaking
Asking for information 1
You are going to listen to two dialogues about short trips on a ferry and a cable car. Which words do you expect to hear? student railcard single traffic lights take-off return fare travel agent check-in tickets
07 Listen to the two dialogues and
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complete the table.
Traveller B: Dursey Island cable car
Traveller A: St Mawes Ferry
Time of departure? Single or return? Length of journey?
(1)
(8)
(2)
(9)
(3)
(10)
Ticket price? (4) £
(11 ) €
Method of payment? Extra question?
(5)
(12)
Pronunciation
(6) take their
(13) take a
08 The words that carry the important meaning in a sentence are usually stressed. Which words are stressed in these questions? Listen and check. 1 Could you write it down for me, please? 2 Is it possible to pay by card? 3 Could you print out the times for me? 4 Can you tell me how much it costs? 5 Which platform does it leave from, please?
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(7) Bay
Waiting area?
(14)
07 Listen again and put the words in order to make sentences. 1 like / for / I’d / tickets / St Mawes ferry / the / buy / to / .
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2 journey / you / long / Could / how / tell / the / me / is / ?
You are in London and you want to go on a bus tour. You need to find out information from the ticket office. Prepare what you’re going to ask using the prompts. sights / see on the Red Tour?
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3 you / the / Can / tell / how / are / me / much / tickets / ?
4 by / like / to / card / Would / you / pay / ?
how often / buses / leave?
5 of / train / the / you / tell / Could / the / next / time / me / ?
how much / tickets / cost?
6 mind / again / Would / that / saying / you / ?
listen / audio commentary?
what time / leave / Hyde Park Corner?
Look at the following requests. Use the word
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given to make them more polite. 1 I want a single ticket to Dundee. (like)
how many / stops / be?
what / be / final destination?
2 How much are the tickets? (could)
how long / tour / last?
3 When does the train leave? (can)
Practice asking the questions. If possible,
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4 Repeat that. (mind)
record yourself.
Unit 2 17
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