Consumer Sentiment (Confidence) Index* University of Michigan, since 1978
As of the preliminary reading for December, “Consumer sentiment improved for the fifth consecutive month, rising about 3% to its highest reading in seven months. ” Surveys of Consumers, Director Joanne Hsu, 12/6/24
Peak: dotcom bubble
110
2012-2020 recovery & high-tech boom
105
Peak: subprime bubble
100
95
90
Mid- late 90’s recovery
85
Market recession
Market recession
1980’s recovery
80
2001 dotcom crash ▲
75
Pandemic hits ▲
Pandemic hits ▲
70
Interest rates soar ▲
65
1990 recession
60
Interest rates jump ▲
2008 market crash ▲
55
Updated through 12/6/24 release
50
*University of Michigan: Consumer Sentiment [UMCSENT], per Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis; https://fred.stlouisfed.org/series/UMCSENT. Not seasonally adjusted. 1966, Q1 = 100. 2023, 2024 readings per http://www.sca.isr.umich.edu/. Mid-month readings labeled “preliminary . ”
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