Wildlife Action Plan 2015 Revision Process White Paper
Te threats most likely to impact wildlife (cont.)
T ABLE F.1
Threat Category 4
Transportation & service corridors Treats from long, narrow transport corridors and the vehicles that use them including associated wildlife mortality. Includes roads and railroads; utility and service lines; shipping lines; and fight paths. 5 Biological resource use Treats from consumptive use of “wild” biological resources including deliberate and uninten- tional harvesting efects; also persecution or control of specifc species. Includes hunting and col- lecting terrestrial animals; gathering terrestrial plants; logging and wood harvesting; and fshing and harvesting aquatic resources. 6 Human intrusions & disturbance Treats from human activities that alter, destroy, and disturb habitats and species associated with nonconsumptive uses of biological resources. Includes all recreational activities; military exer- cises; work and other activities (research, vandalism, law enforcement, illegal activities). 7 Natural system modifcations Treats from actions that convert or degrade habitat in service of “managing” natural or seminat- ural systems, often to improve human welfare. Includes fre and fre suppression; man-made dams and water management/use; other ecosystem modifcations (land reclamation; shoreline harden- ing; beach reconstruction, snag removal from streams, etc.). 8 Invasive & other problematic species & genes Treats from nonnative and native plants, animals, pathogens/microbes, or genetic materials that have or are predicted to have harmful efects on biodiversity following their introduction, spread, and/or increase in abundance. Includes invasive nonnative/alien species; problematic native species (e.g., beavers); introduced genetic material (e.g., genetically modifed insects; hatchery- or aquaculture-raised species). 9 Pollution Treats from introduction of exotic and/or excess materials or energy from point and nonpoint sources. Includes household sewage and urban wastewater; industrial and military efuents; agricultural and forestry efuents; garbage and solid waste; airborne pollutants; and excess energy (e.g., ambient noise, sonar, cold or hot water from power plants, beach lights, etc.). 10 Climate change & severe weather Treats from long-term climatic changes that may be linked to global warming and other severe climatic or weather events outside the natural range of variation that could wipe out a vulnera- ble species or habitat. Includes habitat shifting and alteration; droughts; temperature extremes; storms and fooding. 11 Disease & pathogens Treats from bacteria, viruses, protozoa, fungi, and parasites. Tis category includes exotic or introduced pathogens, prion (nonviral, nonbacterial) disease, and zoonotic diseases. Wildlife species may act as hosts or reservoirs. Classifcation of Treats (1–10) adopted from Salafsky et al. (2008).
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2015 NC Wildlife Action Plan
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