4.5 River Basins
T ABLE 4.51 SGCN in the Catawba River Basin
Federal/ State Status*
Taxa Group CRAYFISH
Scientifc Name
Common Name
Cambarus aldermanorum Cambarus eeseeohensis
Needlenose Crayfsh
—
Grandfather Mountain Crayfsh
FSC/—
Ameiurus brunneus
FISH
Snail Bullhead Flat Bullhead a carpsucker Carolina Darter Seagreen Darter V-lip Redhorse
— — —
Ameiurus platycephalus Carpiodes sp. cf. cyprinus
Etheostoma collis
FSC/—
Etheostoma thalassinum Moxostoma pappillosum Salvelinus fontinalis Alasmidonta varicosa
— — —
Brook Trout (Native)
MUSSEL
Brook Floater
—/E
Lasmigona decorata Villosa constricta
Carolina Heelsplitter Notched Rainbow Eastern Creekshell Carolina Creekshell
E/E
—/SC
Villosa delumbis
—
Villosa vaughaniana
FSC/E
* See Table 4.43 in Section 4.5.3.2 for abbreviations.
With the exception of streams located on public lands, streams within the basin are degraded or threatened by a number of factors, including sedimentation, loss of riparian woody vegetation, water withdrawals, channelization and/or relocation, point source pol- lution, and nutrient loading. Ground disturbance from development activities and poorly managed agriculture are the primary sources of erosion, sedimentation, and nutrient enrichment. Point sources of pollution include wastewater treatment plants and permitted industrial discharges (much of the basin fows through highly urbanized areas). Alterations to stream channels, increased impervious surfaces (resulting in increased fashiness), and loss of riparian vegetation contribute to stream channel and bank erosion, which in turn contribute to sedimentation and other physical habitat degradation. Several existing impoundments are used for water supply and new impoundments are being proposed within the basin for that purpose. As human population increases, water supply is an increasing burden on surface waters. Water withdrawals, impoundments, and interbasin water transfers can signifcantly alter habitats for native aquatic species. Tis is an emerging problem that will likely increase in importance in the near future. Nonnative species known in the basin include Asian Clams, Virile Crayfsh, Japanese Mystery Snail, Grass Carp, Blue, Channel, and Flathead catfshes, Smallmouth Bass, Muskellunge, White Bass, Yellow Bass, Rainbow and Brown trout, and even the exotic Northern Snakehead. Land-locked Blueback Herring, Alewife, and White Perch are known in several impoundments. In fact, over 33 exotic fsh species have been identifed in the
526
2015 NC Wildlife Action Plan
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