5.13 Disease and Pathogens
T ABLE 5.11
SGCN at very high or high threat from climate change (cont.)
Threat Level Very High High
Scientifc Name
Common Name
FRESHWATER FISH Salvelinus fontinalis
Brook Trout (Native)
X
REPTILE Chelonia mydas
Green Sea Turtle
X X X X
Lepidochelys kempii Dermochelys coriacea
Kemp’s Ridley Sea Turtle Leatherback Sea Turtle Loggerhead Sea Turtle
Caretta caretta
SNAIL (AQUATIC) Helisoma eucosmium SNAIL (TERRESTRIAL) Infectarius verus
Greenfeld Rams-horn
X
a snail
X
5.13 Disease and Pathogens Tis threat focuses on diseases, viruses, bacteria, prions, and other patho- gens that can afect wildlife species. Some topics are wildlife-specifc while others may not normally infect wildlife but can be carried over from other vectors. All wildlife species are subject to some type of naturally occurring disease that can cause illness and death to individual animals or in some cases can signifcantly impact popu- lation densities (McLean 2005) . It has been reported that disease resistance depends on the interaction of host, pathogens, and environment (Snieszko 1970) . Tis subsection provides information about some of the most serious diseases or emerging concerns that can signif- cantly impact wildlife species or create spillover efects to humans. Te following infor- mation highlights some of the important concerns and identifes resources for additional information. In many cases, the spread of disease among and between species is controlled naturally and there is little risk of extinction when mortality occurs within a population. However, management actions to control the incidence and spread of disease may be warranted when disease impacts are so severe that local populations are at risk of becoming extinct, or when mortality from diseases is so severe that it afects ecological processes and/or exceeds the social capacity for acceptance. Management may also be warranted when genetic fow will be disrupted between populations or when there is a risk of spillover to human or domestic animal populations.
730
2015 NC Wildlife Action Plan
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