Factors that influence mental health in young people cont.
Sex Why can this be a risk factor?
The evidence tells us that although our sex does not predetermine our experience of mental health there are still some differences in boy’s and girl’s experiences of mental health. This can include the inequalities they face and the way they talk about or experience their symptoms. What do we need to know? Note that the NHS recognises three sexes (male, female, and intersex). Future data may change as other gender identities are incorporated. There are different cultural and social expectations for boys and girls about the way they should look, think, and act. While body image concerns affect both boys and girls research from The Mental Health Foundation suggests that girls are more likely to worry about their appearance and their weight. Body dissatisfaction has been linked to poor mental health and risk- taking behaviours, which are associated with dieting, cosmetic surgery, and use of alcohol and cigarettes. It has been found more girls than boys will avoid physical education due to concerns about their body (50). Boys and young men can often feel pressure to conform to certain ‘masculine’ traits to achieve social ‘status’ as a man. Society tells these boys and young men that they must provide for those around them, and shouldn’t show weakness, express emotions, or ask for help (51). These pressures and traits can cause gradual damage to self- esteem, and may have a negative impact on the mental health of boys and young men. Damage is also caused to girls and young
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