The future Peak Load Stations The future PLS must be CO 2 neutral, fast response, cheap in investment, and, as the full-load operation hours are low, the variable production cost is of minor interest.
Yearly cost pr. MJ/s installed
5000
4500
4000
3500
3000
2500
2000
1500
1000
500
0
0
1000
2000
3000
4000
5000
Operation hours on max. capacity
Electrical drivenboiler
Biomass CHP
Oil boiles on rape based biooil
Electrical driven heatpumpe heat source Sewage water Electrical driven heatpumpe heat source sea water
Gas boiler on Bio natural gas
Local heatpumps of air
Fuel plant situated in central areas - uncertain
Gas boiler on Bio LPG
Oil boiles on straw based biooil
Geothermal energy incl. Heatpump
Graphical presentations of the technologies are shown in the diagram - they are all possible CO 2 neutral solutions. The horizontal axis shows the estimated operations hours on full load and the vertical axis the estimated total expenses pr. installed capacity. As peak load stations in CTR’s system typically operate below 500 hours pr. year, electrical driven boilers and bio-gas boilers will be the cheapest solutions. More energy-efficient heat pumps need more operating hours to be economical
THE LIFECYCLE OF A PLS IS 30-50 YEARS AND CTR ARE CONVERTING STATIONS TO BE CO 2 NEUTRAL IN 2025 Since 2018 CTR has a 40 MJ/S electrical boiler in operation in Gentofte. By the end 2020 another electrical boiler station, containing
two 40 MJ/s heaters, will be in operation in Gladsaxe. INVESTMENT SHARE OF COST IN THE GLADSAXE PLS: • Electrical heaters: 25% • Electrical connections: 40% • District heating connections: 35%
1) Transmission System Operator: Energinet; 2) Distribution System Operator: Ørsted
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