mentation. Three hours lecture, four hours laboratory. Laboratory fee $ 20.00. Pre requisite: 100. 401 POPULATION BIOLOGY (4) Genetics, evolution, and ecology related to biological populations encompassing all living organisms; experimental genetics and field biology emphasized in laboratory. Three hours lecture, three hours laboratory. Prerequisites: 202 or 30 I. 402 BIOLOGICAL ADAPTATIONS (3) Historical and present-day developments of the idea of evolution; hereditable change and variation as applied to an objective evaluation of historical geology, comparative anatomy, and organismal and population dynamics. Alternate years, offered 1973-74. 411 BIOCHEMISTRY (3) Fundamental concepts of metabolism, bioenergetics, biosynthesis and other chemistry An integrated laboratory course to accompany Chemistry 411 and Biology 422. Modern techniques in molecular genetics, metabolic processes , bioenergetics and enzyme mech anisms . Six hours laboratory. Prerequisite : 312 and Chemistry 302. 421 GENERAL AND COMPARATIVE ANIMAL PHYSIOLOGY (4) Selected topics from genera] and cell physiology; comparison of systems and their func tion in species representative of a broad spectrum of animal life with emphasis on verte brates; modern methodology such as respirometry, electrophysiology, and physiograph techniques emphasized in laboratory. Three hours lecture , four hours laboratory . Pre requisite: 111. 422 MOLECULAR BIOLOGY (3) Molecular level applied to the physical, chemical, physiological, and morphological organization of the living cell; common and contrasting features in the breadth of living organisms; laboratory experimentation at the molecular cell physiology level. Three hours of life processes. Three hours lecture . Prerequisite: Chemistry 302. 412 LABORATORY METHODS IN BIOCHEMISTRY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY (2)
lecture. Prerequisites: 312,422. 450 DIRECTED STUDY (1-3)
Literature and laboratory research of a specific subject or technique in biology ; advanced students gain experience in experimental design, laboratory investigation, and technical writing. May be repeated for a maximum of 3 units. Prerequisite: Junior or senior stand
ing and consent of instructor. Either semester. 452 ADVANCED Fl ELD BIOLOGY (4)
Plants and animals in their natural habitat; emphasis given to taxonomy, morphology, and population dynamics. Group and individual study in a four-week summer expedition. May be substituted for 401 . Not open to those who have taken 252. 470 BIOLOGY RESEARCH (1) Directed research (literature or laboratory) followed by oral presentation, group dis cussion, and evaluation; independent thought and study stressed. Consent of department only if non-major. May be repeated for maximum of two units of credit.
CHEMISTRY Objectives: An understanding of the chemical and physical properties of matter is founded in molecular structure and reactivity . Along with this theoretical basis the stu-
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