PAPERmaking! Vol11 Nr3 2025

H. Liu et al. : Effluent Quality Prediction of Papermaking WWTPs Using SEL

TABLE 4. Specific parameters of base-learning algorithms.

FIGURE 6. Prediction results of SS eff andCOD eff using stacking ensemble learning.

using SEL. The quantitative evaluation results including RMSE, MAPE and R 2 for PLS, SVR, ANN, RF, AdaBoost and SEL are listed in Tables 5 and 6. It can be seen that

SEL achieves the highest prediction accuracy for two cases. For COD eff , compared with the base-learning algorithms of PLS, SVR, and ANN, the RMSE of SEL is reduced by

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VOLUME 8, 2020

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