Tieteestä & Tekniikasta
Prevention
Modular design: reusable parts
Raw material: optimize material use,
Reversible joints/adhesives: facilitates part separation
Design
prioritize recycled/biosourced/ production waste components
Reversible/reusable matrix : easy component separation/recycling
minimize used resources, prevent unnecessary products
Refuse-reduce
Embedded sensors: active health monitoring
Operation
increases lifetime
Repair
Defect detection
Non-destructive testing: thermography, X-ray, ultrasounds, radar
End of Life
Original composite structure used for different purpose + significant reduction in need for material, energy and money – potential greenwashing, benefit over recycling to be verified Temperature assisted-reshaping + adapt existing composite part geometry for new applications – at research stage
Repurpose
Mechanical properties
Recycling
Cost
Sustainability
TRL
Fluidised-bed pyrolysis
Microwave pyrolysis
Solvolysis
Electrofragmentation
Pyrolysis
Mechanical recycling
Cement clinker (glass fibers) + established EoL avenue – loss of material value
Research stage recovery (carbon fibers) • calcium carbide synthesis • metallurcigal processes
Recovery
• Bannedin Finland • EU scale: evolving aregulations
Incineration + energy recovery – loss of material value – aerosol pollutants
L andfill + still economically viable – loss of material value – land degradation
Disposal
12 MUOVIPLAST 4/2024
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