TECHNICAL MANUAL
DESCRIPTION OF THE ASSESSMENTS
• Item Type 3: Decode Words—students hear a word read aloud and must select the corresponding word on their screen from a bank of seven options. • Item Type 4: Spell (Encode) Words—students hear a word read aloud and must spell that word using a drag-and-drop interface and a pool of letters. • Item Type 5: Construct Sentences—students receive a set of words and associated punctuation and must organize them into a grammatically correct and meaningful sentence. Item difficulty increases as the number of words and sentence complexity increase. L2M Item Types The Letters2Meaning assessment is a decoding and comprehension measure that has 653 items that make up five subtests (item types) for students. A majority of the assessment includes narration with the exception of the final section involving moving words into sentences. Students can proceed at their own pace and repeat the audio as needed. The first few questions under each item type will be practice items and will provide additional feedback. Students will move through these based on their performance. The following item types are outlined in their most common order. Students might not receive each type when they complete the assessment.
Item Type 2 asks students to match letter sounds with letters. The narration for this question is: Click on the letter that makes the sound /d/, dog, /d/. Here the student has selected “Listen Again” to hear the narration again and has already selected their answer by clicking on one of the letter options. Item Type 1 asks students to match letters with letter names. The narration for this question is: Click on the letter “C.” Here the student has already selected their answer by clicking on one of the letter options. Some items will appear in the following layout, with capital and lowercase letters appearing in random order. Progress is tracked on the bar in the bottom left-hand corner.
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