Appl. Sci. 2023 , 13 , 1389
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As the length of the fastening increases, a tendency to decrease the maximum force occurring during the test is observed. Curves for a length of 0.7–5 mm increase rapidly until the maximum value is reached, and then fall sharply, but with a smaller gradient. Table 1 shows the maximum values of the compressive force as a function of the clamping length.
Table1. Dependence of the maximum value of the compressive force on the connection length.
Connection Length, mm 0.7
1.3
2.0
3.0
4.0
5.0
Maximum value of compressive force, N
35.42
32.57
30.56
27.04
20.17
16.20
At the same time, it can be seen in Figure 13a–c that with fastening lengths of less than 3 mm at the moment of reaching the maximum force no buckling is observed. With longer lengths of fastening, the buckling has the shape of a sinusoid fragment.
( a )
( b )
( c )
( d ) ( f ) Figure 13. Shape of the edge of the compressed paper sample when the maximum force is reached at the clamping lengths: ( a ) 0.7mm, ( b ) 1.3mm, ( c ) 2mm, ( d ) 3mm, ( e ) 4mm, ( f ) 5mm. ( e ) Figure 14 shows the shape of the samples compressed at the time of destruction for the plug-in lengths to be analyzed.
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