Daisy A Sriwendari, Edwin K Sijabat / JBAT 9 (2) (2020) 126-134
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(g) Figure 9. Microscope Test Results on Stock BNC (a) 5% (b) 10% (c) 15% (d) 20% (e) 25% (f) 30% and (g) 35% at 300X Magnification
because nanoscellulose, whose size is in nanoscale, will fill the pore gap between wood fibers, so that the pore gap will be getting smaller or even closed- up until there is no more gap. In the experiment where the BNC composition used is increasing, there is an increase in the porosity value from the hand sheet blanko (0% BNC) to the hand sheet trial 6 (30% BNC). The porosity result with surface sizing coating increases compared to that of without surface sizing, both in the blanko, using surface sizing agent and in the trial using BNC to replace surface sizing agent, because one of the surface
sizing functions is to smooth the paper surface that the air will struggle to penetrate through the paper sheet. Because according to Syamsu et al. (2012), tapioca functions as a binder between fibers and increases the number of bonds among fibers and reduces the number of pores.
Microscope Test Results
Microscope testing is conducted at 300X magnification on the stock before the hand sheet was made and the results can be seen in Figure 9. Based on the microscope results on stock blanko (0% BNC) to stock trial 6 (BNC 30%) above,
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