PAPERmaking! FROM THE PUBLISHERS OF PAPER TECHNOLOGY Volume 7, Number 1, 2021
such as those used in industrial and medical applications. The present review aims to investigate the availability of biomass from pulp and paper mills and show sustainable routes for the production of high value-added biomaterials. The study reveals that using conventional and integrated biorefinery technology the ample variety and quantity of waste generated from pulp and paper mills can be converted into wealth. As per the findings of the current review, it is shown that high-performance carbon fiber and bioplastic can be manufactured from black liquor of pulping waste; the cellulosic waste from sawdust and sludge can be utilized for the synthesis of CNC and regenerated fibers such as viscose rayon and acetate; the mineral-based pulping wastes and fly ash can be used for manufacturing of different kinds of biocomposites. The different biomaterials obtained from the pulp and paper mill biomass can be used for versatile applications including conventional, high performance, and smart materials. Through customization and optimization of the conversion techniques and product manufacturing schemes, a variety of engineering materials can be obtained from pulp and paper mill wastes realizing the current global waste to wealth developmental approach. “ Design and development of eco-friendly cutlery out of paper waste through molding next generation waste management ”, Richa Pandey, Rahul Singh, Phuleshwar Baitha & Roshan Topno, Materials Today: Proceedings , online 3 March 2021. The waste of paper or the paper dump is a serious problem and its occurrence is widespread in various institutions. Wastepaper can be recycled to produce some important and usable products that are ecological and biodegradable. For example, it is used to extract new paper from the old by chemical decomposition. Other products such as paper plates, paper cups, paper spoons, tiles, toys, crafts, etc. can be formed from the slurry. This project also initiates a mould that makes cups and plates from the wastepaper management circuit. With learning institutions being the main consumers, most paper are usually eliminated after its use. The waste remains undeveloped and unused, although is a valuable resource. Studying the design of a manual, economical and efficient paper recycling machine, it can be surmised that the design uses the integration of the knowledge gained about the recycling technology that exists manually from the paper recycling machines used to form a cheap but effective paper recycling system. The advantages of the machine are not only of recycled paper, but also the advantages of the interaction of the manual drive system, which will also reduce the high cost. As the design is not 100% effective, the transmission, belt and chain transmission correspond to the estimated 90% efficiency using the 90% for the design. The power consumption for the design is 450 W and since an average user can produce 100 W constant, it takes 5 people to drive the machine. “ High loaded moving bed biofilm reactors treating pulp & paper industry wastewater: Effect of hydraulic retention time, filling degree and nutrients availability on performance, biomass fractions and nutrients utilization ”, Maurício C. Matheus, Maria Ekenberg, João P.Bassin, Márcia W.C. Dezotti & Maria Piculell, Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering , 9(1), February 2021, 104944. For treating pulp and paper (P&P) industry wastewaters, the high-loaded/nutrient-limited moving bed biofilm reactor (MBBR) is frequently followed by an activated sludge, in the Biofilm-Activated Sludge (BAS) configuration. Evidences show that the MBBR performance relies on a complex surface-volume relation, affecting the biosolids dynamics. That subject was addressed in parallel lab-scale MBBRs, with carrier filling degrees of 15% and 45%, fed with P&P wastewater. The removal of chemical oxygen demand (COD) and utilization of nutrients were evaluated for varying hydraulic retention times (HRT, 1.6 – 4.9 h), and availabilities of nitrogen and phosphorous. Nutrients excess and 4.9 h HRT led
Technical Abstracts
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