PAPERmaking! FROM THE PUBLISHERS OF PAPER TECHNOLOGY Volume 7, Number 2, 2021
Xu, Yun Shi, Xuyong Chen, Fenfen Liu & Wei Zhao, Cellulose , Vol.28, pp.7327 – 7339 (2021). As the living standard improves, disposable sanitary and household paper requires not only softness or easy to fluff in a dry state, but also good antibacterial property. In this study, a series of alkyl quaternary ammonium salts (AQAS), a kinds of antibacterial- debonding agents, were synthesized by using a two-step process. The SN2 nucleophilic substitution reaction was designed between triethanolamine and sulfoxide chloride, and followed subsequent quaternization by tertiaryamines with different long alkyl chains. The obtained products can be used as an antibacterial and softening/debonding agent for improving the performance of paper or fluff pulp. The results showed that these new compounds can endow antibacterial function and high softness to paper or control appropriate burst strength to fluff pulp. These AQAS products can be not only used in daily disposable sanitary products, but also have potential applications in other products such as glass spacer paper, advanced household paper, or antibacterial tissue products to “ Rheological and anti-microbial study of silica and silver nanoparticles-reinforced k- carrageenan/hydroxyethyl cellulose composites for food packaging applications ” , Balasubramanian Rukmanikrishnan, Srinivasan Ramalingam, Sam Soo Kim & Jaewoong Lee, Cellulose , Vol.28, pp.5577 – 5590 (2021). Sustainable food packaging films were developed using a combination of k-Carrageenan (k-C), hydroxyl ethyl cellulose (HEC), silicon dioxide (SiO2), and silver (Ag) nanoparticles. The CH-SiO2/Ag nanocomposites showed promising results, mainly due to their transparency, flexibility, low cost, and environmental friendliness. The structure and uniform morphology of the CH- SiO2/Ag nanocomposites were determined by FT-IR, XRD, and SEM analysis. Barrier properties (water vapor permeability-WVP), thermal properties (T5% loss, char yield), and mechanical properties determined for the k-C/HEC and k-C/HEC-SiO2/Ag nanocomposites, which improved by 3.3 –1.9 × 10−9 gm/m2 Pa s (WVP), 59.1– 115.7 °C (T5%), 13.4 – 29.3% (char yield), 23.8 – 41.5 MPa (tensile strength), and 22.3 – 28.9 (EB), respectively. The contact angle of the k-C/HEC-SiO2/Ag nanocomposites were in the range of 60.1° – 76.4°. The UV transmittance of the k-C/HEC composites decreased with the addition of SiO2 and Ag nanoparticles. However, the transparency of the composites was not affected, and it inhibited UVA and UVB rays by the addition of Ag nanoparticles. The viscosity of the k-C/HEC composites increased with the SiO2 content and decreased with the shear rate. All the composites exhibited shear-thinning behavior. The storage modulus of the prepared composites is higher than the loss modulus in the entire frequency region. Overall, SiO2 and Ag nanoparticles improved the hydrophobic nature of the k-C/HEC-SiO2/Ag films and showed significant activity against six common food pathogens, Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus cereus, Listeria monocytogenes, Bacillus subtilis, Salmonella typhi, and Cronobacter sakazakii. The synergistic combination of k- C/HEC-SiO2/Ag nanocomposite has potential candidate for packaging and other biomedical applications. PAPERMAKING “ Energy Saving in Papermaking by Application of Hybrid Calcium Carbonate ”, Min Woo Lee, Sun Young Jung & Yung Bum Seo, BioResources ; Raleigh Vol.16 (3), (Aug 2021), pp.5011-5023. Hybrid calcium carbonate (HCC) is prepared by pre-flocculating calcium oxide and ground calcium carbonate (GCC) with ionic polymers, and by injecting carbon dioxide to the pre-flocculated flocs until termination of the reaction at neutral pH. When used in papermaking, HCC gave higher bulk, higher stiffness, and higher tensile strength than GCC did. Furthermore, when higher wet pressing pressure was applied to prevent microbial contamination. PACKAGING TECHNOLOGY
Technical Abstracts
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