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Cellulose (2021) 28:5807–5826
Table 5 Optical properties of CTMP and PCC-CTMP handsheets
2 /kg)
2 /kg)
s r (m
k
r (m
Opacity (YC/2)
R457C
CTMP
0 min R30
50.0
22.42
1.92
81.3
R100
53.3
27.11
1.82
84.0
R200
54.4
37.63
2.34
90.4
R400
55.7
69.69
4.18
97.9
Not fract
64.7
35.71
1.09
84.8
30 min R30
51.2
23.22
1.86
81.6
R100
53.3
26.85
1.84
83.9
R200
55.1
35.51
2.18
89.2
R400
55.5
64.78
4.01
97.5
Not fract
63.0
40.94
1.49
88.7
60 min R30
49.8
23.24
1.98
82.1
R100
53.2
27.54
1.90
84.6
R200
55.2
34.80
2.10
88.7
R400
56.1
59.83
3.60
96.7
Not fract
65.8
39.54
1.17
86.8
PCC-CTMP 0 min R30
43.8
22.47
2.63
84.2
R100
46.9
28.95
2.81
88.4
R200
50.7
36.91
2.92
91.7
R400
58.8
78.23
4.13
98.3
Pass
75.7
60.70
1.11
91.8
Not fract
65.8
47.86
1.48
90.6
30 min R30
43.9
24.15
2.86
86.1
R100
47.5
29.28
2.79
88.5
R200
50.4
36.39
2.94
91.5
R400
57.1
74.73
4.37
98.3
Pass
74.5
60.25
1.29
92.4
Not fract
68.9
52.03
1.33
91.0
60 min R30
43.0
23.51
2.95
85.9
R100
47.1
28.35
2.78
88.1
R200
50.0
34.68
2.86
90.8
R400
57.9
79.36
4.51
98.5
Pass
70.7
47.24
1.39
90.1
Not fract
69.0
54.70
1.41
91.8
charge density was the increase in surface area and fiber damage (resulting in high energy sites). It can be argued that the surface created in refining has, for the
most part, a charge similar to that of pre-existing surface because the newly created surface has a chemical composition similar to that of the pre-
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