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anionic interactions, steer the ACC onto the cellulosic fibers, onto which it subsequently precipitates as PCC. The PCC-CTMP handsheets based on the coarser fiber fractions were more prone for brightness loss, probably due to a combined effect alkali yellowing and less enhanced light scattering due to lower PCC content, whereas sheets comprising higher content of the fine fractions provided positive effects especially on light scattering. The fines also contained significant amount of PCC without proportional loss in fiber- weight based tensile index, suggesting that the substrate fiber properties can greatly affect the PCC- fiber composite and its effects on paper. These findings demonstrate the importance of controlling the sub- strate fiber properties e.g. by ensuring that the pulp contains the different fiber fractions in desirable proportion, or by favorable external fibrillation of larger fibers. The findings also suggest that careful, target-oriented refining of the fiber is an important pre- treatment when attempting to control the properties of PCC-fiber composite material. Acknowledgments Stora Enso Oyj is acknowledged for financial support of the project. Dr Anthony Bristow is thanked for linguistic revision of the work. Open access funding provided by LUT University (previously Lappeenranta University of Technology (LUT)). This research did not receive any specific grant from funding agencies in the public, commercial, or not-for-profit sectors. Funding
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The authors declare that they have no
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