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Figure 7. SEM images of different fibers produced using A) Carbonate Hydrolysis and B) Mild Kraft techniques.
softness. Moreover, a lower HR water content of carbonate also facilitates chemical treatment of the pulp at much less chem- ical consumption compared to kraft because the HR water acts
as a barrier for chemical modification. The kraft pulps, on the other hand, have longer fibers, lower curl and kink index, and higher brightness, important for producing strong sheets. The
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Global Challenges 2021 , 5 , 2000065
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