Sustainability 2021 , 13 , 9069
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Table5. Costs associated with Silverskin paper production life cycle.
Phase
Cost’s Voice
Quantity
Unit
UnitCost
Unit
Costs ( € )
Sources
Research and Development Work (researcher/ engineer)
€ /hour
0.8
hour
40
32 32
FAVINI srl
Subtotal
Raw material acquisition
0.20 € 0.75 € 0.06 € 0.60 € 0.65 € 0.63 € 0.76 € 0.60 € 0.00 € 0.42 € 2.50 €
€ /kg € /kg € /kg € /kg € /kg € /kg € /kg € /kg € /kg € /kg € /kg
0.007 € 0.001 € 0.012 € 0.003 € 0.227 € 0.033 € 0.046 € 0.031 € 0.000 € 0.017 € 0.002 € 0.380 €
Chemicals, inorganic
0.0372
kg kg kg kg kg kg kg kg kg kg kg
FAVINI srl FAVINI srl FAVINI srl FAVINI srl FAVINI srl FAVINI srl
Silica flour Limestone AKDsizer
0.001 0.202
0.00434
Wastepaper pulp (Italy) Eucalyptus pulp (Brazil) Softwood pulp (Sweden) Hardwood pulp (Slovakia)
0.349141 0.052387 0.061108 0.052387 0.130936
Index Mundi
FAVINI srl
Silverskin
Potato starch
0.0397 0.0008
FAVINI srl FAVINI srl
Pigment Subtotal
Production
€ /kWh 0.059 €
Electricity
0.4104
kWh 0.1449
[49]
Natural gas, consumer price, Italy
€ /kWh 0.094 €
3.72
kWh 0.0253
[50]
€ /mc= t
0.040 €
Water Work
23
kg
1.73
[48]
€ /hour
1
hour
25
25
25.193 €
Subtotal
Depreciation and taxes Wastewater treatment
€ /kg
86.388 € 86.388 €
21.597
kg
4
[24]
Subtotal
Silverskin supply
€ /t
0.10 €
Micronization
0.130936
kg
800
FAVINI srl
[52] (average 2018)
€ /t
0.0034 €
Transport diesel consumption 0.002304
kg
1.488.03
0.11 €
Subtotal
Use
Subtotal
0
€ /t € /t € /t € /t
0.041 € 0.025 € 0.016 €
Recycling
Collection
1
kg kg kg kg
41.2
[51] [51] [51] [51]
Sorting
0.725 0.707
35
Transport to re-processor Revenue for baled paper
22.9
− 0.008 € 0.075 €
0.349206
− 21.6
Subtotal
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