PAPERmaking! FROM THE PUBLISHERS OF PAPER TECHNOLOGY Volume 3, Number 2, 2017
ENVIRONMENT Life cycle assessment of paper production from treated wood, Asmae Ismaili et al , Energy Procedia , 128. Chemically treated wood waste has several physical and chemical properties which makes it usable for the manufacture of another product to multiple use, among which the production of paper and fuel. This paper presents the initial life cycle assessment (LCA) study on wood waste used for paper production. The results of the analysis demonstrate competitiveness of the waste wood use for paper production vs. raw wood in such environmental categories as human health and ecosystem quality. Green Net Value Added as a sustainability metric based on life cycle assessment: An application to Bounty® paper towel, Bayou Demeke et al , Journal of Cleaner Production , 170. Sustainability measurement in economics includes assessment of environmental and economic effects in an integrated manner. In this study, system level economic data are integrated with environmental impacts determined from a life cycle assessment (LCA) of a common product. Green Net Value Added (GNVA) is a type of full cost accounting that incorporates total revenue, the cost of production, depreciation, and environmental externalities. We present externality costs disaggregated by upstream sectors, full cost of production, and GNVA to evaluate the relative sustainability of Bounty® paper towels manufactured at two production facilities. We found that the longer running, more established line had a higher GNVA. The predominant components contributing to externality costs come from the stationary sources in the supply chain: electricity generation (27 – 35%), refineries (20 – 21%), pulp and paper making (15 – 23%). Health-related externalities from Particulate Matter (PM2.5) and Carbon Dioxide equivalent (CO2e) emissions are to a great extent driven by electricity usage and emissions by the facilities, followed by pulp processing and transport. Investigating external and internal pressures on corporate environmental behavior in papermaking enterprises of China, Zheng-Xia He et al , Journal of Cleaner Production , 172. As China's ecological environmental problem becomes severe, corporate environmental behaviour (CEB) has become the focus of a range of stakeholders, policy makers and the whole society since the operating activities of companies is the main source of environmental pollution. This study used a questionnaire survey and structural equation model (SEM) to examine the relative importance of external and internal pressures (EIP) on driving CEB. Data was obtained from 702 papermaking companies in China. The results showed that government pressure, economic pressure and internal pressure played significant positive roles in environmental behaviour of papermaking companies in China. Economic pressure was the most important factor on environmental behaviours (including defensive, accommodative and proactive behaviours) of papermaking companies. By comparison, the role of social pressure, which was imposed by general public and environmental Non-Governmental Organizations (NGOs), was not significant. Environmental performance of straw-based pulp making: A life cycle perspective, Mingxing Sun et al , Science of The Total Environment , online. Agricultural straw- based pulp making plays a vital role in pulp and paper industry, especially in forest deficient countries such as China. However, the environmental performance of straw- based pulp has scarcely been studied. A life cycle assessment on wheat straw-based pulp making in China was conducted to fill of the gaps in comprehensive environmental assessments of agricultural straw-based pulp making. The dominant factors contributing to environmental impacts are coal consumption, electricity consumption, and chemical (NaOH, ClO2) input. Compared with wood-based and recycled pulp making, wheat straw-
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