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ZUMSTEG ET AL .
concentration of 0.05 mmol . ѴķrѴ-1;7omb1;-m7;rov;7|o-ƔƏƏ) _-Ѵo];mѴb]_|vou1;=ouƓlbm|o1uovvŊѴbmh|_; b|_|_;=u;; ĺ$_bv;mvu;v|_-| =uol7;-71;ѴѴvbvmo|-lrѴb=b;7bm|_; =oѴѴobm] ! u;-1|bomĺ $_; Ŋ|u;-|;7 v-lrѴ;v ;u; |_;m r;Ѵ - Ѵ;|;7-]-bmĺ uol|_;v;=bm-Ѵr;ѴѴ;|vķ -vbvoѴ-|;7vbm]|_; ;-vѴoo7ş$bvv;b|Ő ķbѴ7;mķ;ul-mő-11ou7bm]|o the manufacturer’s instructions. $ob7;m|b=|_;1-v-|b;0-1|;ub-Ѵ1ollmb|=ou|_;7;=;1|r-r;uķ ;-Ѵvo-m-Ѵ;7|_;0-1|;ub-ѴrorѴ-|bomru;v;m|-||_;7;=;1|vb|;v om|_;r-r;uv_;;|vĺ ou|_;v;r-r;uv-lrѴ;vķ -vbvoѴ-|;7 using the PowerSoil ® voѴ-|bomb|Ő-0ou-|oub;vķm1ĺķ -uѴv0-7ķ&"ő-Ѵvo-11ou7bm]|o|_;l-m=-1|u;uĽvbmv|u1|bomvĺ ƑĺƒՊ | Պ-1|;ub-Ѵ t-m|b=b1-|bom -vt-m|b=b;70u;-ѴŊ|bl; !|-u];|bm]|_;Ɛѵ"u!];m;-v 7;v1ub0;7ru;bovѴŐѴb==ou7;|-ѴĺķƑƏƐƑőĺub;=Ѵķbm-ƑƔŊ μ l final reac- |bomoѴl;|_;rubl;ur-buu| !ō=Ő$$$ő -m7u| !ōuŐ$$$$$ő;u;v;7ŐѴb==ou7;|-Ѵĺķ ƑƏƐƑő -| ƔƏƏmloѴ . ѴķƐƏѷŐņőo=|;lrѴ-|; ķ-m7 -v|"|-u| "+! u;;m -v|;u b Ő!o1_; 1-|ĺ oĺ ƓѵƕƒƓѶƓƏƏƐőĺ &vbm] |_; $_;ulo11Ѵ;u!o|ou;m;Ő b-];mő-m7|_;v;t;m|b-Ѵ|_;ul-Ѵruo=bѴ; ŐƐőƐƏlbm-|ƖƔŦ=oѴѴo;7 0ŐƑőƓƔ11Ѵ;v o=ƑƏv-|ƖƔŦķƔѵŦķ -m7ƕƑŦķ|_;1om1;m|u-|bomo=0-1|;ub-Ѵ -vt-m|b=b;7u;Ѵ- - |b;|o- v|-m7-u71u;1omvbv|bm]o=-hmom1om1;m|u-|bomo= Escherichia coli Ɛ];mol;vŐ-rruoĺƒƏƏƏƐѵvu!1orb;vr;u μ Ѵőĺ
genus Chryseobacterium őru;7olbm-|;7ķ0|v;;u-Ѵo|_;u _Ѵ-;u; identified such as members of the Firmicutes (including Clostridium vrĺőķѴr_-Ō-m7-ll-ruo|;o0-1|;ub-ķ0|mo|;|-ruo|;o0-1|;ub-ĺ Most of the published research focuses on cultivable bacteria from vloo|_Ѵummbm]r-r;ul-1_bm;vĺo;;uķbm|_bvv|7;v;ķ|o ouhmoѴ;7];=ou|_;=buv||bl;ķѴѴlbm-m;|Ŋ] ;m;u-|bomv;t;m1bm] |o -m-Ѵ; |_; |o|-Ѵ 0-1|;ub-Ѵ 1ollmb|ķ bm1Ѵ7bm] |_; m1Ѵ|b-0Ѵ; 0-1|;ub-ķ|o1olr-u;|_;1ollmb|b;vru;v;m|bm|_;ruo1;vv-|;uv of four paper machines at the same mill. The exemplified paper mill in this report experienced recurring problems in one of the four paper machines. We identified and compared the bacterial population found directly in the irregularities on the paper sheets consistently produced by this machine. Such a thorough process analysis allows us to identify ruo1;vv v|;rv _-u0oubm] |_; ruo0Ѵ;l-|b1 lb1uo0b-Ѵ rorѴ-|bomvķ -m7 |_vķbmrubm1brѴ;ķ;m-0Ѵbm]-lou;;==b1b;m|v|u-|;]|o0;=oѴѴo;7bm the future for their control.
ƑՊ | Պ$ !" $ "
ƑĺƐՊ | Պ"-lrѴbm]-m7;ml;u-|bomo=1Ѵ|b-0Ѵ; bacteria ѴѴv-lrѴ;v;u;ruob7;7=uol-mou|_;um;ul-mr-r;ul-m=-1 - |u;uŐm7bv1Ѵov;7ő-m7-u;Ѵbv|;7bm$-0Ѵ;"Ɛĺ ;=;1|b;r-r;uv-l - rѴ;v;u;7;ub;7=uolr-r;ul-1_bm;ƐŐ Ɛőĺ77b|bom-ѴѴķ-|;uv Őru;vv -|;uķ _b|; -|;uķ -m7 1Ѵ;-u =bѴ|u-|;ő ;u; v-lrѴ;7 =uol -ѴѴ =our-r;ul-1_bm;vŐ Ɛķ Ƒķ ƒķ-m7 ƓőѴo1-|;7-||_;v-l; site. Figure 1 represents a simplified scheme of the process and water 1bu1Ѵ-|bomķ -m7 bѴѴv|u-|;v |_; |_u;; |r;v o= -|;u Őru;vv -|;uķ _b|;-|;uķ-m71Ѵ;-u=bѴ|u-|;őv-lrѴ;7ĺ$_;|o|-Ѵb-0Ѵ;1om|Ő$(ő of water samples was determined by plating 0.1 ml of a 10-fold dilu- |bombmr_ovr_-|;0==;u;7v-Ѵbm;Ő "őŐrƕĺƓķ"b]l-Ŋ Ѵ7ub1_őom|o $ur|b1"ouo|_]-uŐ$"őŐ"b]l-Ŋ Ѵ7ub1_őĺ Ѵ-|;v;u;bm10-|;7 =ouƓѶ_-|ƒƏŦrubou|o;ml;u-|bomo=1oѴomŊ=oulbm]mb|vŐ1=őĺ om|v b|_ ƐŋƖ1=ņrѴ-|; -m7 ƐƏŋƖƖ1=ņrѴ-|; ;u; u;rou|;7 -v >10 2 cfu . ml ƴƐ and >10 3 cfu . ml ƴƐ ķ u;vr;1|b;Ѵĺ b]_;u 1om|v ;u; reported as >10 4 cfu . ml ƴƐ when colonies remained separated or >10 5 cfu . ml ƴƐ when colonies fused to bacterial lawns. No bacterial viable count was done for paper samples.
ƑĺƓՊ | ՊƐѵ"u!-lrѴb1omv;t;m1bm]-m7 7-|--m-Ѵvbv
ou Ѵb0u-u ];m;u-|bom |_; (ƒ -m7 (Ɠ u;]bom o= Ɛѵ" u! u;]bom -v-lrѴb=b;70 !b|_ƒƏ11Ѵ;v=uol|_;;|u-1|;7 ĺ ! ruo|o1oѴķ rubl;uķ -m7 Ѵb0u-u ];m;u-|bom ;u; r;u=oul;7 ;-1|Ѵ -v 7;v1ub0;70ŐѴѴlbm-ŐƑƏƐƒővbm]b";t!;-];m|b|ƒѵƏƏŊ1 1Ѵ;v ŐѴѴlbm-ķ"-m b;]oĺķ-|ĺoĺ"ƐƏƑŊƒƏƏƒőĺ -|-;u;-1tbu;7 using the MiSeqDx System MiSeq and metagenomic analysis of the raw data was performed using the in-system software MiSeq !;rou|;uĺ ou|-omolb11Ѵ-vvb=b1-|bomķ|_;u;;m];m;v -|-0-v;=bѴ;v ;u;v;7Ő1 om-Ѵ7;|-ѴĺķƑƏƐƑőĺmu;;m];m;v-m$&u;=;uv|o the terminal level at which the sequence is classified.
ƑĺƑՊ | Պ uorb7bllomo-b7;|u;-|l;m|-m7 ;|u-1|bom
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ou 0;||;u -11;vvb0bѴb| o= 0-1|;ub- bm vѴuub;vķ 0-1|;ub- ;u; v;r- - u-|;7 =uol |u0b7 bmvoѴ0Ѵ; 1olrom7vķ v1_ -v lbm;u-Ѵv -m7 rb] - l;m|vķvbm]7;mvb|]u-7b;m|1;m|ub=]-|bomĺ ou|_bvķƐŊlѴ-|;u samples were overlaid onto 0.3 ml of 1.6-mol . Ѵbv|o7;m ™ (Sigma- Ѵ7ub1_ő bm ƑŊl Ѵ lb1uo1;m|ub=]; |0;v -m7 1;m|ub=];7 -| ƐƏ ƏƏƏ u1=Őu;Ѵ-|b;1;m|ub=]-Ѵ=ou1;ĸƐu1=ƷƖĺѶƐl . s ƴƑ ő=ouѵlbmb|_vѴo 7;1;Ѵ;u-|bomĺ $_; rr;u r_-v;ķ bm1Ѵ7bm] |_; bm|;ur_-v; -v r;Ѵ - Ѵ;|;7bm-m;|0;-|ƐƏķƏƏƏu1==ouƒlbmĺ ouruorb7bllomo - -b7;Ő ő|u;-|l;m|Őo1h;uķ_;m]ķş-lr;uķƑƏƏѵőķ|_;r;Ѵ - Ѵ;|-vu;vvr;m7;7bmƏĺƔŊl Ѵv|;ubѴ; "-m7 -77;7|o-=bm-Ѵ
The exemplified paper mill experienced recurring problems in one of |_; =ou r-r;u l-1_bm;v Ő Ɛőĺ $_; =bm-Ѵ r-r;u v_o;7 7;=;1|v bm terms of irregular spots and holes of approximately 1 cm diameter due to slime deposits in the web during continuous line production. omv;t;m|Ѵķ|_;l-1_bm;_-7|o0;v|orr;7-m71Ѵ;-m;7lou;=u; - t;m|Ѵ|_-m|_;o|_;ur-r;ul-1_bm;vŐ Ƒķ ƒķ-m7 ƓőѴ;-7bm] to costly down time and maintenance. Biofilms have been described as a reason for such slimes and consequently the resulting paper 7;=;1|vŐ-_|bm;mķovom;mķ$bbuoѴ-ķ(;m|oķşh;uŊ ѴolķƑƏƏѵőĺ
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