Forests 2022 , 13 , 1856
18of 21
in pulp and paper production through temperature and pressure reduction, which can significantly improve the utilization rate of energy and reduce the production costs of paper companies. In this regard, in the European papermaking industry cogeneration power accounted for 96% of the total electricity consumption, China’s corresponding proportion on this is less than 50%, hence, the development potential is enormous. Secondly, increase the application of biomass energy. The raw material of the papermaking industry mainly comes from plants. After extracting fiber from plants, in the pulping process by converting the remaining organic matter into biomass energy efficiently, it can significantly reduce the consumption of fossil energy and reduce the emissions of CO 2 . In Europe, paper mills have been able to achieve a non-fossil energy consumption ratio of more than 57% by efficiently converting organic matter from paper residues into biomass energy. For example, biodiesel produced by UPM in Finland from the by-products of pulp production can reduce CO 2 emissions by 80% [57]. Some Japanese paper companies make full use of their own biomass resources, while purchasing waste rubber and wood from society and treating municipal waste, so that 100% of their energy consumption is biomass energy, thereby reducing the CO 2 generated by energy consumption. (2) The pulp and paper stage. This stage requires greater efforts to sort waste in recycling. For example, the three types of waste paper—old newspapers, books, and cardboard boxes—contain different varieties of pulp, and the mechanical and chemical pulp obtained from their recycling has different properties. If a large amount of chemical pulp is mixed into the mechanical pulp, the corrugated boxes produced will become soft and lose their original load-bearing and pressure-resistant capacity. So, the stronger and more detailed the classification of all types of waste paper, the higher the value it will produce. With China’s waste paper nearing the limit of recyclable volume, greater recycling and sorting efforts can provide new ideas for reducing CO 2 emissions. (3) The waste paper disposal stage. Although “the policy of banning waste imports” has led to a significant reduction in CO 2 emissions from imports, the imbalance between supply and demand has led to high prices of waste paper raw materials and serious adulteration, so many paper companies have had to revise their waste paper acquisition quality standards, which has had a series of adverse effects on the papermaking industry. In response to the problem, it is recommended “the policy of banning waste imports” to refine the import of solid waste to avoid “one-size-fits-all”. From the perspective of circular economy and environmental protection, China’s own exports take away the packaging and instructions and other paper products through the import of the way to recycle is a more scientific and more environmentally friendly choice. (4) The transportation stage. First, increasing sustainable management of forests. With the certification of forest certification organizations, we can effectively reduce CO 2 emissions by supervising and managing the entire value chain from forest manage- ment to paper product production then to consumer recycling. Second, promote the “forest-pulp-paper integration” model, effectively reducing CO 2 emissions from the raw material acquisition stage of the aggregation and transportation operations. Third, promote the optimal rotation period system for forests, choose suitable tree species according to local conditions and maintain a reasonable forest age structure so that the forest can absorb the maximum amount of CO 2 . Fourth, to reduce the use of non-wood pulp in the proportion of rice-wheat straw pulp. The use of rice-wheat straw pulp is an important reason for the relatively large proportion of CO 2 emissions in the pulp and paper stage. Promoting the clean production of reed raw materials and other pulp and paper can effectively reduce CO 2 emissions. In addition, the use of bamboo pulp and paper is also an effective path to reduce CO 2 emissions.
Made with FlippingBook Online newsletter maker