Land 2023 , 12 , 305
14of 20
Any sustainable bioeconomy strategy must build on both natural land-based resources and knowledge prerequisites [61] in a certain place. Here, the territorial character [66] of many NWFPs is important and relates to the previously discussed issue of a need to “place-adapt” bioeconomy strategies. Furthermore, their public good character, even though it is limiting their marketability and direct economic use [67,68], becomes relevant in bioeconomy because an increased use and awareness of NWFPs contribute to the change of users’ perceptions towards the use of natural products and bring them closer to nature. This on a long-term scale can influence their consumption patterns and preferences towards bio- based products and economy. As explained by Giurca [69] bioeconomy proponents count on the change in lifestyle choices and preferences of individual consumers. In this way, citizens are not just customers or users but are as well co-creators and decision-makers in a larger transformation process. These changes could also lead to sustainable consumption, which in turn helps to save CO 2 and contribute to the objective of the EU Strategy in mitigating and adapting to climate change. Jankovsk ý et al. [12] showed that most studies on innovations in the forest bioeconomy dealt with the necessary adaptation of policies, and innovations were mainly focused on biorefining, biotechnology, and production of various biomaterials, as well as innovations of business models and stakeholder interactions. From the NWFPs sector, we learn that there is a range of innovation types being relevant to transitioning processes. Therefore, in the following Table 6, we present the potential spectrum of innovations based on analysed cases and previous works [70] (p. 162). Table6. Types of innovation with NWFP examples that can support bioeconomy (adapted from [70] (p. 162).
Type of Innovation
Example from NWFPs
New uses of NWFPs for clothing; medicinal or pharmaceutical products from wood, bark, fruits, leaves or the broad range of forest plants; Change/diversification of forest management practices —main aim of management is use of forest for cosmetics/pharmaceutical industry (resin, pine seeds, turpentine, etc.) Specific forest management —to enhance production of mushrooms or berries, selection of tree species such as nuts or fruit trees (in peri-urban areas), agroforestry systems (Portuguese montado system), or plantation of wild or grafted fruit trees or shrubs such as chestnuts, hazelnuts, elder, sea buckthorn; Improved processing to improve the product quality —for instance, the natural ingredients or the shelf life of the products. Horizontal cooperation of small producers —common brand allowing for a joint marketing Vertical integration or cooperation —secure a higher value added for the primary producer (farmers’ direct marketing) or to allow for a traceability of the product chain (e.g., high quality game meat or other products from natural production). New marketing methods and approaches—reaching new costumer groups through different design, packaging, advertising or distribution channels Use of internet platforms and social media networks for small producers to reach distant clients; Creation of brands for local, natural, wild products New or adapted regulatory frameworks in the field of the products (e.g., official recognition as a forest or agricultural product; license systems for collection) or in innovation support (e.g., the European Union LEADER instrument). Innovative financing schemes (micro loans) Public private partnerships or Involvement of third sectors (foundations, citizens groups etc.) New certification schemes , Regional marketing approaches or the creation of new lobbying organisations for public awareness raising or for research, education and training programmes, or other political-institutional support.
Product innovation
Process innovation
Organisational innovation
Marketing innovation
Policy innovation
Institutional innovation
Made with FlippingBook - professional solution for displaying marketing and sales documents online