PAPER making! FROM THE PUBLISHERS OF PAPER TECHNOLOGY INTERNATIONAL ® FROM THE PUBLISHERS OF PAPER TEC Volume 11, Number 1, 2025
Tissue Paper Softness: A Comparison Between Different Experimental Assessment Approaches ANTÓNIO DE O. MENDES 1 , JOANA C. VIEIRA 1 , ANA M. CARTA 2 , JOANA M. R. CURTO 1 , MARIA E. AMARAL 1 , ANA P. COSTA 1 & PAULO T. FIADEIRO 1 In this work, four different experimental assessment approaches, namely, the Tissue Softness Analyzer (TSA), a Subjective Evaluation (SUB), the Kawabata Evaluation System (KES), and an Optical System (OPT), were used for the evaluation of softness on a set of 29 different tissue paper products. After processing and the interpretation of the results given by each one of the used methods, a procedure was implemented in the current work to make a comparison between them. The procedure consists in tracking the position of the tissue paper products on a ranking table, regardless of what values were obtained through each one of the four used methods independently. This comparison revealed to be very useful in determining the differences verified between methods allowing to conclude which ones were the least and the most concordant, and, at the same time, enabling us to identify interesting cases of tissue paper products on the set that caught our attention for their distinctive characteristics. Contact information: 1 Fiber Materials and Environmental Technologies Research Unit (FibEnTech-UBI), University da Beira Interior, R. Marquês D’Ávila e Bolama, 6201 -001 Covilhã, Portugal. 2 Forest and Paper Research Institute (RAIZ), R. José Estevão, Eixo, 3800-783 Aveiro, Portugal.
Materials 2025, 18, 228. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma18020228 This is an open access article under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License
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Article 4 – Tissue Softness
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