Energies 2019 , 12 , 247
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AppendixA
TableA1. Examples of SEC for various pulps listed alphabetically. BAT—Best available technology. BAU—Business as usual. OECD—Countries that are members of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development.
Total Energy (GWh/kt)
Energy Used by
PEF
Region
Reference
Year
Source for SEC
Chemical pulp mill Chemical pulp, total
Calculated using data in literature Calculated using data in literature
5.10
2.50
Germany
[7]
2011
Chemical pulp, total
5.10
2.50
Germany
[7]
2007
Modelling BAU diffusion Modelling BAU diffusion
Chemical pulp, total
5.10
2.50
Germany
[7]
2020
Chemical pulp, total
4.89
2.50
Germany
[7]
2035
Modelling cost-effective diffusion Modelling cost-effective diffusion
Chemical pulp, total
5.10
2.50
Germany
[7]
2020
Chemical pulp, total
4.89
2.50
Germany
[7]
2035
Modelling technical diffusion Modelling technical diffusion
Chemical pulp, total
5.03
2.50
Germany
[7]
2020
Chemical pulp, total Chemical pulping Chemical Pulping
4.47 4.85 4.84
2.50 2.50 2.50
Germany
[7]
2035
2001–2004 2001–2004
From literature From literature
BAT BAT
[57] [57]
OECD: Australia, Sweden, the Netherlands, France,
Chemical wood pulp
4.53
2.50
[8]
1990
BAT from literature
the UK, the USA, Germany, Japan
Kraft mill pulp Kraft mill (actual) Kraft mills (actual) Kraft mills (modern mill—BAT) Pulp by kraft process Mechanical pulp Mechanical pulp, total
4.72 8.01 4.28 4.03
2.50 2.50
Canada Canada Canada Canada
[55] [55] [55] [58]
2003 2001 2001 2000
From literature From literature From literature
2.50
n.s.
Calculated
4.94
2.50
Germany
[7]
2011
From literature
Base year, calculated using data in literature
Mechanical pulp, total
4.93
2.50
Germany
[7]
2007
Modelling BAU diffusion Modelling BAU diffusion
Mechanical pulp, total
4.76
2.50
Germany
[7]
2020
Mechanical pulp, total
4.53
2.50
Germany
[7]
2035
Modelling cost-effective diffusion Modelling cost-effective diffusion
Mechanical pulp, total
4.64
2.50
Germany
[7]
2020
Mechanical pulp, total
4.36
2.50
Germany
[7]
2035
Modelling technical diffusion Modelling technical diffusion
Mechanical pulp, total
4.08
2.50
Germany
[7]
2020
Mechanical pulp, total
3.18 5.21
2.50 2.50
Germany
[7]
2035
2001–2004
From literature
Mechanical pulping
BAT
[57]
OECD: Australia, Sweden, the Netherlands, France,
Mechanical wood pulp
3.11
2.50
[8]
1990
BAT from literature
the UK, the USA, Germany, Japan
2001–2004
From literature
Mechanical pulping Sum, mechanical pulp (GWP) Thermomechanical pulping (TMP)
5.21 4.67
2.50 2.50
BAT
[57]
Calculated using data in literature
Germany
[7]
2011
3.25
n.s.
n.s.
[59]
1999–2006
From literature
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