Energies 2019 , 12 , 247
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TableA1. Cont.
Total Energy (GWh/kt)
Energy Used by
PEF
Region
Reference
Year
Source for SEC
Otherpulp
OECD: Australia, Sweden, the Netherlands, France,
Other fibre pulp
3.33
2.50
[8]
1990
BAT from literature
the UK, the USA, Germany, Japan
OECD: Australia, Sweden, the Netherlands, France,
Other wood pulp
3.33
2.50
[8]
1990
BAT from literature
the UK, the USA, Germany, Japan
Pulp by alcohol extraction
5.53
n.s.
Canada
[58]
2000
Calculated
Calculated using self-collected data Calculated using self-collected data Calculated using self-collected data Calculated using self-collected data Calculated using self-collected data From literature From literature
Pulping
7.60
n.s.
Taiwan
[52]
2007
Pulping
8.06
n.s.
Taiwan
[52]
2008
Pulping
8.46
n.s.
Taiwan
[52]
2009
Pulping
8.45
n.s.
Taiwan
[52]
2010
Pulping Pulping Pulping
7.82 8.06 7.22 1.67
n.s. n.s. n.s. n.s.
Taiwan
[52] [52] [52]
2011 2004 2007
India India China
1985–2010
Calculated
Pulp
[5]
Pulp from recycled materials RCF pulp (recycled cellulose fibre), total RCF pulp (recycled cellulose fibre), total RCF pulp (recycled cellulose fibre), total RCF pulp (recycled cellulose fibre), total RCF pulp (recycled cellulose fibre), total RCF pulp (recycled cellulose fibre), total RCF pulp (recycled cellulose fibre), total RCF pulp (recycled cellulose fibre), total
Calculated using data in literature Base year, calculated using data in literature
0.79
2.50
Germany
[7]
2011
0.76
2.50
Germany
[7]
2007
Modelling BAU diffusion Modelling BAU diffusion
0.76
2.50
Germany
[7]
2020
0.76
2.50
Germany
[7]
2035
Modelling cost-effective diffusion Modelling cost-effective diffusion
0.76
2.50
Germany
[7]
2020
0.69
2.50
Germany
[7]
2035
Modelling technical diffusion Modelling technical diffusion Calculated using data in literature
0.76
2.50
Germany
[7]
2020
0.69
2.50
Germany
[7]
2035
Sum, RCF pulp
0.80
2.50
Germany
[7]
2011
OECD: Australia, Sweden, the Netherlands, France,
Recycled fibre input
1.08
2.50
[8]
1990
BAT from literature
the UK, the USA, Germany, Japan
2001–2004 2001–2004
From literature From literature
Waste paper pulp De-inked waste paper pulp De-inked waste paper pulp
0.39 1.68
2.50 2.50
BAT BAT
[57] [57]
1.68
2.50
OECD
[55]
2001–2004
From literature
TableA2. Examples of SEC for various processes during pulp production, listed alphabetically.
Total Energy (GWh/kt)
Energy Used by
PEF
Region Reference Year
Source for SEC
Pulp mills’ processes Bleaching
0.60 0.25 0.08 1.44 0.25 0.20 4.50
2.50
USA
[54]
1994 2011 2011 1994 2011 2011 2011 2011
From literature From literature From literature From literature From literature From literature From literature From literature
Bleaching, mechanical pulp (GWP)
2.50 Germany 2.50 Germany
[7] [7]
Bleaching, RCF pulp Chemical recovery
2.50
USA
[54]
Concentration and dispersion, RCF pulp De-inking (floatation), RCF pulp Grinding, mechanical pulp (GWP) Heat recovery, mechanical pulp (GWP)
2.50 Germany 2.50 Germany 2.50 Germany 2.50 Germany
[7] [7] [7] [7]
− 0.38
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