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With regard to the physical properties of developed denim fabrics, the apparent specific gravity of the Hanji denim fabrics produced was lower than that of the exist- ing denim fabrics, so garments when worn could feel light. The dimensional change in washing and drying: the rope-dyed yarn denim fabrics showed better dimensional sta- bility than the fabrics with cheese-dyed yarns. The colorfastness to washing showed a higher chance of commercialization in all manufactured and existing commercial denim fabrics. The colorfastness to light, the developed denim fabrics using synthetic dyestuff as the warp yarn seemed to have no problem in merchandising while the stability against daylight of natural dyestuff was slightly lower. The elongation recovery rate of Hanji denim fabrics showed that most developed Hanji denim fabrics had a similar elongation recovery rate to the existing denim fabrics that had medium stretchability (S1). The dry- ing velocity of Hanji denim fabrics showed a tendency to increase with increasing fabric weight while the absorption velocity of Hanji denim fabrics showed significant differ- ences: Hanji denim fabric was much faster to dry than those of existing denim fabrics. Through the study, we found that the developed Hanji denim fabrics had several advantages compare to the existing denim fabrics. It has a low apparent specific gravity due to it being a paper yarn while it has a dimensional stability. Further, there is a higher chance of commercialization in colorfastness to washing with a medium stretchability. Lastly, a drying velocity is a similar to existing denim fabrics while an absorption velocity is fast in comparison to that of existing denim fabrics. Therefore, the study suggests that the Hanji denim fabric is a good fabric for summer product development usage such as jean pants, jean skirts, and jean shirts since it gen- erally has many pleasant cooling characteristics in addition to the excellent absorption velocity with a lower fabric weight for comfortable wearing. Through this study, we hope that the Hanji denim fabrics contribute to meet consumers’ needs who have concerns in healthcare issues and in environmental issues. This new fabric creates a new interest on the market development making it a high value-added business. Authors’ contributions Both TYP and MOK carried out the literature review and the research frame work. TYP conducted experiments and drafted the manuscript. MOK developed denim design experiments and result analysis. Both authors read and approved the final manuscript. Author details 1 Howon University, Gunsan, South Korea. 2 University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, USA. Competing interests The authors declare that they have no competing interests. Ethics approval and consent to participate Not applicable.
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Received: 22 December 2017 Accepted: 4 April 2018
References Ishikawa, J., & Shinohara, H. (2001). Paper yarn, wrinkle crush-processed paper and knitted and woven fabric. Japan Patent No. 200441. Itoi, T. (2001). Method and apparatus for producing paper yarn . JP Patent 295146.
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