Ding et al. J Wood Sci
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uniform and could be characterized as smooth surface. Taken together, MDF sanding dust might pose a con- siderable occupational health risk and imply quite com- plex handling behaviors as well. For the MDF industry, care should be taken when the sanding dust is handled. Frequent inspections are suggested to be made where the particles are easy to accumulate and filtering materi- als with higher efficiency are recommended to separate them from the air. The sieve analysis presented particle size distribution comparable to the image analysis, but it failed to provide detailed information on fine fractions of the sample. It is suggested to be applied for homogeneous or coarse par- ticles ready to settle down in the air. The image analysis demonstrated itself a robust particle morphology analysis technology by offering detailed results of both size and shape distribution and their correlations. It deserves fur- ther exploration for the better application in the field of bio-particle analysis. Abbreviations MDF: Medium-density fiberboard; UF: Urea formaldehyde; PSD: Particle size distribution; SA: Sieve analysis; IA: Image analysis; SEM: Scanning electron microscopy; AR: Aspect ratio; RS: Relative span. Acknowledgements The authors acknowledge the help of the Advanced Analysis and Testing Center of Nanjing Forestry University and the China office of Occhio s.a. Authors’ contributions TD analyzed the experimental data and drafted the manuscript. JZ performed the experiments and prepared the figures. NZ is the project leader and responsible for the experimental design and manuscript review. CW collected the MDF sanding dust samples and contributed to the image analysis. All authors read and approved the final manuscript. Funding The work in this paper is financially supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China (2016YFD0600703). Availability of data and materials Most data analyzed during this study are included in this published article. The supplementary information is available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.
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Competing interests The authors declare that they have no competing interests.
Author details 1 Nanjing Forestry University, 159 Longpan Rd., Nanjing 210037, China. 2 Hol- trop & Jansma BV Qingdao Office, No.1 Shangma Section of Aodong Road, Qingdao 266114, China.
Received: 13 March 2020 Accepted: 29 June 2020
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