Citation: Kumar R, Kumar R, Chauhan A, Kumar M, Goyal MK, et al. (2015) Characterization and Isolation of Fungi for Removal of Color from Pulp DQG3DSHU0LOO(IÀXHQW0HHUXW ,QGLD -(QYLURQ$QDO7R[LFRO GRL 10.4172/2161-0525.1000324
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Fungal Isolates
Source
Growth
Characteristics
1 5 7
Anand Paper Mill Anand Paper Mill Anand Paper Mill Previously isolated Century Paper Mill Century Paper Mill Century Paper Mill
Slow Slow Fast
White mycelia, light green spores
White mycelium with dark colour spores, mycelia becomes dark from behind
White cottony mycelia with green spores
AF3
Medium
White snowy cottony mycelia with yellowish pigmentation
F1 F2 F3
Slow Fast Fast
Dirty white mycelia with green spores
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Table 2: Source and characteristics of isolated fungal strains.
Fungal isolate
Morphological characteristics
1 White mycelium, light green spores, mycelium septate, branched mycelium, branching at right angles, spores spherical and single-cell attached on sporangiophore, sporangiophore bulbous bearing bottle shaped phialides spores in chain. F1 White mycelium, green spores, mycelium septate, branched mycelium, branching at right angles, spores spherical and single cell, attached on sporangiophore, sporangiophore bulbous bearing botted-shaped phialides, and spores in chain. AF3 White cottony mycelium, dirty yellow spores, septate, mycelium branched, uninucleate spore, spore globules, spores attached at the tip of mycelium. Table 3: Morphological characteristics of 1, F1 and AF3.
Figure 4: Shows the morphology of F1.
were used as inoculums at the rate of 10 percent (w/v) in experiments conducted. Screening experiment for decolourisation of pulp and paper mill effluent The seven fungal isolates were purified and enriched in the PDB and were used to test their efficiency in the decolourisation of pulp and paper mill effluent. Pulp and Paper mill effluent is highly colored. The color is mainly due to lignin present in it. Hence, color and lignin content were used as parameters to evaluate the efficiency of different fungal isolates in decolorizing pulp and paper mill effluent. Minimum salt medium of pulp and paper mill effluent was prepared. All seven fungal strains were screened for their capacity to decolorize effluent. Inoculums size was 10 percent (w/v). The experiment was set for 10 days. Regular sampling was done on zero hour, first day, second
Figure 3: Shows the morphology of 1.
F1: Aspergillus sp. AF3: Basidioclamyces sp. Enrichment of fungal isolated in potato dextrose broth The fungal isolate were enriched for the preparation on fungal beads to be used as inoculums in the subsequent screening experiment. The purified fungal isolates in the form of disc of 1 cm 2 diameter cut from the active growth zone of the PDA plate was enriched in the PDB containing 100 ppm streptopenicilin and pH was adjusted to 5.2 ± 1. It was observed that beads like structure were formed after 3 days of incubation in shake flask condition at 30°C. The fungal beads
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