PAPERmaking! FROM THE PUBLISHERS OF PAPER TECHNOLOGY Volume 4, Number 1, 2018
consisting of biopolymer cationic starch with two degrees of substitution (DS) each in combination with one anionic starch. The results indicated a significant interaction between the DS of cationic starch and the number of ionic starch layers formed. PULPING Bio-based products from xylan: A review, Darrel Sarvesh Naidu et al , Carbohydrate Polymers , Vol.179. Obtaining chemicals and materials in sustainable ways is of growing importance. A potential source of sustainable chemicals and materials is lignocellulosic biomass residues generated as waste from agriculture. Hemicellulose which is a large component in lignocellulosic biomass residues, provides many potential applications such as the generation of chemicals, packaging materials, drug delivery and biomedical applications. This review deals with the various techniques which can be used for the extraction of hemicellulose from biomass residues, purification and some potential applications of the extracted hemicellulose. Chemical modification of cellulose-rich fibres to clarify the influence of the chemical structure on the physical and mechanical properties of cellulose fibres and thereof made sheets, Verónica López Durán et al , Carbohydrate Polymers , Vol.182. Despite the different chemical approaches used earlier to increase the ductility of fibre-based materials, it has not been possible to link the chemical modification to their mechanical performance. In this study, cellulose fibres have been modified by periodate oxidation, alone or followed either by borohydride reduction, reductive amination or chlorite oxidation. It was found that the modifications studied improved the tensile strength of the fibres to different extents, but that only periodate oxidation followed by borohydride reduction provided more ductile fibre materials. Changes in density, water-holding capacity and mechanical performance were also quantified and all are dependent on the functional group introduced. Study of steam explosion pretreatment and preservation methods of commercial cellulose, Ana Lorenzo-Hernando et al , Carbohydrate Polymers , Vol.191. Steam explosion (150 –200 °C, 5–30 min) was performed on a commercial cellulose presented in two configurations (fiberized and compact sheet) and its effect on their chemical and physical properties was studied, along with the influence of two different preservation methods (acetone drying and freezing) after pretreatment. Both acetone and freezing processes extremely affected cellulose properties. Acetone drying counterbalanced crystallinity and enzymatic accessibility variations of pretreated samples, while decreasing polymerization degree. Freezing dramatically decreased enzymatic accessibility of pretreated samples down to 15.8%. A study on pulping of rice straw and impact of incorporation of chlorine dioxide during bleaching on pulp properties and effluents characteristics, Daljeet Kaur et al , Journal of Cleaner Production , Vol.170. The world is facing challenges to reduce global environmental issues including waste management, greenhouse gas emissions, pollution, deforestation and depletion of non-renewable resources originated due to speedy industrial and urban development. Rice straw, a lignocellulosic residue is abundantly available in wood short countries like India and China and can be utilized in pulp and paper industry. This article shows that using agricultural waste as a raw material for making paper can prove to be valuable towards waste utilization, pollution control and for sustainable growth of industry.
Technical Abstracts
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