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Fig. 3. TGAs of DDGS, PW, 50DDGS-PW, and 100 DDGS XRD Analysis
Figure 4 represents the X-Ray diffractograms of the native DDGS and PW versus the resulting bio-composites (100 DDGS and 50DDGS-PW). Both ingredients (DDGS and PW) are biological, amorphous solids that soften and semi-melt over a temperature range conducted in this study. In addition, it was noted that breaking of the 50DDGS-PW and 100DDGS panels results in curved or irregular faces, which are characteristic of amorphous solids. The DDGS samples (DDGS, 100DDGS, and 50DDGS-PW) had a doublet peak occurring around 30 degree 2-theta. The occurrence of this doublet has been previously reported (Xu HWDO 2008). The PW ingredient had a broad peak occurring around 22 degree 2-theta which is characteristic of amorphous materials such as wood (Devi and Maji 2013). In addition, PW diffractogram showed shoulder peaks occurring before and after the main peak at 22 degree 2-theta. The 50DDGS-PW diffractogram represented a combination of the DDGS and PW ingredients without any new peaks occurring. The PW peaks of the 50DDGS-PW composite were somewhat masked by the broader DDGS peak. Overall, the composites did not show any additional peaks at higher degree 2-theta values, which would have indicated the occurrence of crystallization (Xu HWDO . 2008). It was concluded that little or no crystallization occurred in the preparation of the composites from the ingredients employed. This suggested that the interaction between the DDGS and PW is disordered and amorphous in nature.
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Tisserat et al . (2018). “DDGS - PW fiberboards” B io R esources 13(2), 2678-2701.
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