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PEER-REVIEWED ARTICLE
Fig. 4 . X-Ray diffractograms of ingredients (a) DDGS and (c) PW and bio-composites (b) 100DDGS and (d) 50DDGS-PW Effect of Temperature on Flexural Properties It should be noted that all composites were found to have smooth tactile feel on their surface, resembling a commercial MDF or even thermoplastic or thermoset resin- wood composite. The temperature employed to hot-press composites was found to have remarkable influence on the flexural properties of the composites. The ) P obtained from specimens using 150, 170, and 180 °C as the hot-press temperatures were similar ( )LJ 5). The DDGS-PW composites hot-pressed at 185 °C showed a remarkable increase in bending strength ( ) P ), while the 190 °C hot-pressed specimens showed a decline. Likewise, the modulus of elasticity ( ( P ) values followed the same pattern (Fig. 5). Clearly, the mechanical properties of DDGS-PW composites hot-pressed at 185 °C were superior to other hot-press temperatures. This was attributed to the optimum plasticization of the DDGS matrix having occurred at this temperature. Below this temperature (185 °C) some plasticization of DDGS occurred, while above this temperature (190 °C) both plasticization and thermal degradation of the DDGS occurred. DDGS-PW composites hot-pressed at 185 °C had ) P and ( P values of 41.4 r 0.7 and 6073 r 123 MPa, respectively, while DDGS-PW composites hot-pressed at 150 °C had )P and ( P values of 22.8 r 2.0 and 3548 r 157 MPa, respectively. This translated into DDGS-PW composites hot-pressed at 150 °C with ) P and ( P values being -45 and -42% less, respectively, than composites hot-pressed at 185 °C.
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Tisserat et al . (2018). “DDGS - PW fiberboards” B io R esources 13(2), 2678-2701.
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