PAPER making! g! FROM THE PUBLISHERS OF PAPER TECHNOLOGY INTERNATIONAL ® Volume 9, Number 3, 2023
technologies that can replace conventional industrial processing. The tree based fibres can be replaced with secondary fibres and enzyme mediated processing can serve as a sustainable alternative to conventional procedures. Cellulase, amylase, pectinase, protease, and xylanase enzymes, as well as a consortium of these enzymes, are commercially available that can efficiently be used for bioretting, biopulping, biobleaching, biodeinking, and biorefining. The eco-friendly bio-based processing has resulted in reduced environmental load as evidenced by the reduction in the BOD and COD values to permissible levels. Enzymes offer significant potential in the production of paper owing to their high efficacy, bio renewability, mildness, non-polluting nature, high selectivity, low cost, and enhanced paper quality. This review intends to draw attention to the effective usage of enzymes for processing in the paper and pulp-based sectors. Biobased processing, alone or in combination with chemicals can prove to be an environment- friendly approach promoting environmental sustainability. Physical Properties of Pulp and Paper: A Comparison of Forming Procedures, Yingju Miao, Siyu Xiang, Yingfen Wei, Xiaohui Long, Jie Qiu & Yingchun Miao, Forest Products Journal , 73(2), 175 – 185 (2023). In this work, we used the conventional wet papermaking process and the solution casting procedure to make paper sheets and optimized the relative content of eucalyptus and Simao pine pulps using the mechanical properties of the paper sheet as the evaluation index. The chemical composition, water retention value, zeta potential, carboxyl content, and drainage behavior of the pulp created using the optimal mass ratio for each method were measured, and the resulting paper sheets were characterized via Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, and nitrogen adsorption/desorption isotherms. We found that for a ratio of eucalyptus to Simao pine pulps of 94:6 using the wet papermaking process, the mechanical properties of sheets took their optimal values, and the tear, tensile, and burst indexes and the folding endurance were equal to 4.43 mN·m 2 ·g −1 , 27.47 N·m·g −1 , 1.13 kPa·m 2 ·g −1 , and 11.38 times, respectively, whereas the ratio leading to the best possible mechanical performance in the solution casting process was 88:12, and the corresponding paper sheets had tear, tensile, and burst indexes and the folding endurance of 11.73 mN·m 2 ·g −1 , 23.03 N·m·g −1 , 0.68 kPa·m 2 ·g −1 , and 25.50 times, respectively. The cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin contents of the pulp treated by the solution casting method were lower by 1.88, 3.11, and 2.67 percent, respectively, compared to that obtained via the wet papermaking process. However, the water retention value, zeta potential, and carboxyl content of the pulp obtained via solution casting were higher by 50.31, 123.41, and 50.15, percent, respectively, compared to that obtained via the wet papermaking process. The drainage time obtained via the solution casting method was one-fifth of that obtained via the wet forming process. The paper sheet prepared via the solution casting method was found to exhibit weaker hydrogen bonding, a decreased level of crystallinity (26.64% lower), and an increased compactness and N2 gas adsorption capacity (19.55% and 66.7% higher, respectively) compared to the sheet obtained via the wet papermaking process. This work shows that the physical properties of the paper prepared via the two processes considered here, using their respective optimal weight ratios of the different types of pulp, have their own advantages. TESTING Alternative Fiber-Based Paperboard Adhesion Evaluation with T- and Y-Peel Testing, Urška Kavčič, Gregor Lavrič & Igor Karlovi ts, Appl. Sci. , 13(17), 9779 (2023). Due to increased pressure on the availability of wood biomass in the EU and the regulatory attempts to lower CO2 values, where wood-based biomass plays a crucial role in carbon sequestration, the use of cellulose derived from alternative sources is gaining
Technical Abstracts
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