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PEER-REVIEWED ARTICLE
The Influence of Machining Parameters on Surface Roughness of MDF in Milling Operation Ümmü K . İşleyen a, * and Mehmet Karamanoğlu b
This paper examined the effect of machining parameters on surface roughness of medium density fiberboard (MDF) machined using a computer numerical control (CNC) router. The machining parameters such as spindle speed, feed rate, depth of cut, and tool diameter were examined for milling. The experiments were conducted at two levels of spindle speeds, four levels of feed rates, two levels of tool diameters, and two levels of axial depths of cut. The surface roughness values of MDF grooved by CNC were measured with stylus-type equipment. Statistical methods were used to determine the effectiveness of the machining parameters on surface roughness. The influence of each milling parameter affecting surface roughness was analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA). The significant machining parameters affecting the surface roughness were the feed rate, spindle speed, and tool diameter (p < 0.05). There was no significant influence of axial depth of cut on the surface roughness. The surface roughness decreased with increasing spindle speed and decreasing feed rate. The value of surface roughness increased with the increase of tool diameter.
Keywords: Surface roughness; Spindle speed; Feed rate; Milling operation Contact information: a: Department of Forest Industrial Engineering, Kastamonu University; b: Department of Materials and Material Processing Technologies, Kastamonu University, 37100, Kastamonu, Turkey; * Corresponding author: ukaragoz@kastamonu.edu.tr INTRODUCTION The surface quality of wood materials is an important criterion, especially for finishing and surface lamination applications and machining method ( i.e ., milling, drilling, sanding) in the furniture industry. Moreover, it is necessary to know the machining parameters of optimum surface quality in order to use efficient and cost-effective use of advanced technology machines and to save on the process time. The quality characteristics of the machined surfaces are determined by the surface roughness parameters (Davis 1962). Several approaches have been proposed to determine surface roughness, and the first surface roughness measurements were conducted using sensory methods. Because sensory methods are very subjective, the contact (stylus type of profilometer) and non-contact (laser or ultrasonic systems) measurement methods have been proposed for measurement of surface roughness (Funck et al . 1992; Hızıroğlu 1996). In recent years, atomic force microscopy (AFM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) methods have been used to evaluate the surface properties of machined materials (Haq and Srivastava 2016). In addition, the optimization approaches such as genetic algorithm (GA), response surface method (RSM), and desirability function (DF) have been used to estimate optimum machining parameters, which make it possible to achieve a minimum surface roughness value (Hazir et al . 2018).
İşleyen & Karamanoğlu (2019). “ Roughness of MDF ,” B io R esources 14(2), 3266-3277. 3266
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