PAPERmaking! FROM THE PUBLISHERS OF PAPER TECHNOLOGY Volume 5, Number 2, 2019 Manufacturing
fit-for-purpose
paper
packaging controlled biodegradation rate by optimizing addition of natural fillers Anna SANDAK, Jakub SANDAK and Izabela MODZELEWSKA containers with Natural fillers were utilized for manufacturing horticultural packaging products. Five types of pots produced from waste paper with wheat and rye bran additions were compared with commercially available containers. The aim was to examine the influence of soil type on the degradation rate and kinetics. Pots were degraded in three soil types: agriculture, forest and sandy soils and were monitored after 2, 4 and 8 weeks. NIR spectroscopy was used for non-destructive evaluation of the chemical composition of the investigated papers in addition to typically used standard methods. All tested configurations of papers might be used for manufacturing of plantable bio-containers that will slowly disintegrate during their use. The addition of cereal bran improves mechanical properties of the paper and extends the lifespan of pots. The rate and extent of decomposition depends mainly on the degradation time and type of soil. Paper pots in all tested configurations degraded most quickly in agricultural and forest soils, each stimulating growth of microorganisms responsible for the decomposition of paper. The obtained results allow selection of products with optimal composition for specific applications and to design the packaging containers degradation time in various in-field scenarios. The manufacturing approach proposed increases the positive footprint of packaging products by designing ‘‘eco - effective’’ solutions according to the Cradle to Cradle design framework. Contact information: A. Sandak J. Sandak: CNR-IVALSA Trees and Timber Institute, via Biasi 75, 38010 San Michele all Adige, Italy A. Sandak J. Sandak: InnoRenew CoE Renewable Materials and Healthy Environments Research and Innovation Centre of Excellence, Livade 6, 6310 Izola, Slovenia A. Sandak J. Sandak: University of Primorska, Titov trg 4, 6000 Koper, Slovenia I. Modzelewska: Institute of Chemical Wood Technology, Poznan University of Life Sciences, ul. Wojska Polskiego 28, 60-637 Poznan, Poland I. Modzelewska: Printing House ‘‘Ekorol’’ Limited Liability Company, ul. Ustronna 7, 62-006 Janikowo, Poland Cellulose https://doi.org/10.1007/s10570-018-02235-6 The Paper Industry Technical Association (PITA) is an independent organisation which operates for the general benefit of its members – both individual and corporate – dedicated to promoting and improving the technical and scientific knowledge of those working in the UK pulp and paper industry. Formed in 1960, it serves the Industry, both manufacturers and suppliers, by providing a forum for members to meet and network; it organises visits, conferences and training seminars that cover all aspects of papermaking science. It also publishes the prestigious journal Paper Technology International and the PITA Annual Review , both sent free to members, and a range of other technical publications which include conference proceedings and the acclaimed Essential Guide to Aqueous Coating .
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